Sometimes a concrete layer is installed above the subfloor, to allow the installation of tiles or underfloor heating pipes. It is through this assembly that the ducts of the forced air system will be installed, as well as plumbing and various electrical lines.

Floor structure

There are three main types of floor structures, generally used in modern construction. These include framed floors, trusses, and fabricated joist systems.

Of all, the most commonly installed floor system is framed flooring. They consist of dimensioned wood, which is supported by the exterior and interior load-bearing walls or beams called "floor joists". Floor joists are usually installed 16 "apart. Installing edge joists and trimmer, to which floor joists are nailed, terminates the perimeter. Bracing, generally bridge-shaped, but often installed as strapping, they prevent the joists from rotating in place. Another method used to prevent this type of turning is to glue the subfloor to the joists, as the subfloor is placed. All joists should extend at least 1- 1/2 "above a bearing assembly, either a full-height beam or wall, unless metal hangers are installed to provide adequate support against other structural components. The beams, which support the floor joists on larger spans, are constructed in the form of laminated joists, often referred to as fabricated beams, or one-piece, solid-loaded joists, cut from logs, or fabricated. Electricians and plumbers can often cut or drill the beam work to install utilities, and this is accepted, provided they do not remove more material than is required by the codes. This type of floor system is usually the cheapest to install.

Lattice floors are just that. They are constructed from small-sized wood, interconnected in a networked pattern using metal or wood plates. Occasionally, trusses will be built on site, using plywood plates to connect the network. They are usually installed 24 "apart, either suspended on load-bearing walls or joists, or installed with plywood trim or edge joists around the perimeter. Strapping is installed on the underside, to prevent rotate in place, which is a common ailment for deep armature. Components. In the case of long truss work, bearing lengths of at least 3 "are quite common. The trusses span greater distances than framed floor assemblies and can be designed to span the entire building, eliminating central load supports. They are moderately more expensive than framed floor assemblies, but provide a remarkably strong floor with little deviation or "bounce". Another advantage of this type of structural system is that public service facilities can be run between network components. Never allow businesses to cut or drill the members of a truss, as they are manufactured precisely for the load conditions they will suffer during the life of the building.

The manufactured beam, which is a relatively new product, is often made of low-cost I-beam materials, similar to steel beams in larger buildings. What this means is that the joist is constructed with a thicker upper and lower edge, and generally an interlocking aspenite that runs vertically between the two. These systems are very strong, often capable of spanning the entire width of the building. One drawback is that this type of floor requires special suspension systems designed for the joists, to allow them to hang from each other or against joists / bearing walls. Manufactured joists are becoming a popular flooring system as they are relatively inexpensive, reduce work time, and provide adequate support. However, builders should become familiar with their installations, as poor installation can cause severe structural damage to joists. A good example is a three-point center support beam, which is left with the top chord uncut, which can potentially fail or separate, over the center support point. https://www.sanluisobisporemodeling.com/