The Logbook of the Pilgrim's Journey
This list will provide you with resources of literature, persons, events, and locations on biblical topics.
Most of the links are from secular sites so to avoid any impression of "dogmatic bias", however, there are several instances which I could only offer the material with a non-Christian site.
What is asked of you to treat this data as historical evidence as you would for any other piece of antiquity and NOT apply any form of double standards for the historicity of the biblical narrative-for example: if you reject secondary or tertiary sources for the bible, then apply the same criterion for everything else.
Enjoy.
C.E.=Christian Era
B.C.E.= Before Christian Era
KH1 and KH2 (aka the silver scrolls) Deuteronomy 5:10, Deuteronomy 7:9, Daniel 9:4, Nehemiah 1:5 Numbers 6:24–26 7th-6th century B.C.E.
http://www.digplanet.com/wiki/Ketef_Hinnom
The dead sea scrolls 350 B.C.E.-100 C.E.
http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/
https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/projects/current-controversy-over-dead-sea-scrolls-special-reference-field-museum
https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dead-sea-scrolls-discoveries-are-first-ancient-bible-texts-be-n1261182
https://www.jstor.org/stable/43717168?seq=1
https://www.academia.edu/15574047/Reconsidering_Habakkuk_1_8
Nash papyrus; Exodus 20:2-17, Deuteronomy 5:6-21; 2nd century B.C.E.
http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-OR-00233/1
Translation https://rootsoffaith.org/the-nash-papyrus-an-ancient-witness
Masada synagogue scrolls 90 B.C.E.?-73C.E.
MasGen (1039-317)
MasLeva (1039-270); MasLevb (92-480)
MasDeut (1043/1–4) [Mas 1c]
MasEzek (1043–2220) [Mas 1d]
[MasPsa (1039-160); MasPsb (1103-1742)
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4201571
http://www.emanueltov.info/docs/papers/12.synagogue.2008.pdf?v=1.0
https://www.academia.edu/1743835/Masadan_Judaism
Targum Jonathan 30-70 C.E.
https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Targum%20Jonathan/Prophets
https://www.sefaria.org/texts/Tanakh/Targum/Targum%20Jonathan/Torah
Targum Neofiti 30-70 C.E.
https://www.sefaria.org/Targum_Neofiti?lang=bi
P4 Earliest title for the gospel of Matthew
https://www.academia.edu/7968729/The_Earliest_Manuscript_Title_of_Matthew_s_Gospel_BnF_Suppl_gr_1120_ii_3_P4_
Discusses on the dating of the Magdalen Papyrus whether or not it's the earliest Christian manuscript scholars have obtained. Matthew 26:7-8, 10, 14-15, 22-23, 31, and 32-33
https://legacy.tyndalehouse.com/tynbul/Library/TynBull_1995_46_2_04_Head_GagalenPapyrusMat.DOC
http://www.magd.ox.ac.uk/libraries-and-archives/treasure-of-the-month/news/magdalen-papyrus/
P.Oxy. 83.5345/P137; Mark 1:7-9,16-18; 100-200 C.E.
https://www.ees.ac.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=45d9d9f7-8df4-4e8f-9eb5-9af2b048ef60
P98 IFAO ~100-200 C.E.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_98
P104; Matthew 21:34-37,43-45; 100-200 C.E.
https://pinakes.irht.cnrs.fr/notices/cote/76083/
http://www.csntm.org/Manuscript/View/GA_P104
P129/P.Oxy. Inv. 106/116; 1 Cor 7:32-37, 9:10-16; 100-200 C.E.
https://www.ees.ac.uk/news/professor-obbink-and-missing-ees-papyri
P77; Matthew 23:30-39; 100-300 C.E.
https://pinakes.irht.cnrs.fr/notices/cote/76077/
Papyrus 66. Bodmer II, John 1:1-13 ~100-350 C.E.
http://legacy.earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/tc_pap66.html
P52 , John Rylands Fragment , John 18.31-33; 37-38 ~125-175AD
http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/ManuscriptsPapyri.html#P52
Gregory-Aland 0212; Fragments of Matthew 27:56-57, Mark 15:40, 42; Luke 23:49b-51,54; John 19:38; 175-256C.E.
https://www.trismegistos.org/text/61914
1 Timothy and Ephesians, second century
https://www.academia.edu/32440811/P.Oxy._5258._Ephesians_3_21-4_2_14-16_P_132_
P46, Chester Beatty Papyrus Romans 5.17-6.3?? ~200AD
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/image-idx?rgn1=apis_inv;q1=6238;size=20;c=apis;subview=detail;resnum=14;view=entry;lastview=thumbnail;cc=apis;entryid=x-3570;viewid=6238_41.TIF
P45, Chester Beatty Papyrus I. Quite possibly one of the earliest evidence for the New Testament canons. Matthew 20 to Acts 17, however, pages are missing. ~200 C.E.
http://www.brepolsonline.net/doi/pdf/10.1484/J.CDE.2.307636
P90 , Oxyrhynchus John 18.36-19.7 ~200AD
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_90
Papyrus 75 Bodmer Papyrus ~175-200
http://legacy.earlham.edu/~seidti/iam/tc_pap75.html
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1224 ~150-450
http://textexcavation.com/poxy1224.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxyrhynchus_Gospels
Dura-Europos Gospel, Matthew 27.55–61 = Mark 15.40–47 = Luke 23.49–56; John 19.38-42; Peter 2.3-5; 6.23-24
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dura_Parchment_24
Egerton gospel
http://earlywritings.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=1859
http://generationword.com/notes_for_notesbooks_pg/John/Papyrus%20Egerton%202.htm
Mosaic inscription of Romans 13:3 in Caesarea Maritima, fifth century C.E.?
https://gervatoshav.blogspot.com/2009/05/greek-inscriptions-from-israel-1.html
https://library.brown.edu/iip/stories/taxes/
The earliest old testament canon. It contains only the tanakh, which means Christians didn't omit any conspiratorial books, like 1 Enoch, from the council of Nicaea since they were never considered canonical in the original construction of the bible.
http://www.liquisearch.com/development_of_the_old_testament_canon/bryennios_list
http://www.ccel.org/ccel/alexander_a/canon.iii.v.html
The Muratorian Canon
https://www.etsjets.org/files/JETS-PDFs/57/57-2/JETS_57-2_231-64_Schnabel.pdf
Crosby-Schøyen Codex 3rd centuryC.E.
http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=2794
Codex Sinaiticus 4th century
https://www.britannica.com/topic/codex-manuscript
https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_43725&index=0
The Armenian bible. ~4th-5th century.
http://armenianbible.org/
Codex Alexandrinus 5th century
https://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Royal_MS_1_D_VIII&index=1
The conformation of the Tanakh (A.K.A. the 22-24 books of the OT)
https://biblia.com/bible/nrsv/2-esdras/14/45
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Sirach+1%3A1&version=NRSV
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Maccabees+2%3A13%3B+15%3A9&version=CEB
http://www.aloha.net/~mikesch//hebrew-canon.htm
http://www.johnsnotes.com/documents/OldTestamentReferencesintheBookofRevelation.pdf
The Language of the Pentateuch in its relation to ancient Egyptian vocabulary
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/001452462904100202
https://www.asor.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Noonan-June-2020-ANEToday.pdf
Text scholarship on the dating of the book of Ezekiel. ~570 B.C.E.
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/484103?journalCode=jr
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13212727-the-world-and-the-word
An Argument for The Date and Meaning of the Book of Joel
https://www.academia.edu/1325551/The_Date_and_Meaning_of_the_Book_of_Joel
The narritive of the torah by Hecataeus of Abdera 4th century B.C.E.
http://www.attalus.org/translate/diodorus40.html#3
The letter of Aristeas on the Septuagint; late 3rd to early 2nd century B.C.E.
http://www.attalus.org/translate/aristeas1.html
In Luke 1:3 the author introduces to his audience, Theophilus, with this formal greeting “most excellent”. this greeting was never used in the NT other than those of influence and with Roman connections (Acts 23:26 & 24:27). If you look into Roman antiquity within eastern side of the Mediterranean during the first century, only one person sticks out who matches those descriptions is: Theophilus, son of Annas, the high priest. Annas had a wealthy family who had connections with political power.
Theophilus may also be the grandfather of Joanna, wife of Chuza (Luke 8:3, 24:10). He was still in office as high priest when Joanna died*, so he may have wanted memorophilia/testimony before his granddaughter passed away for good (this is consistent with his Sadduceean beliefs), which would include her faith in Jesus, the Christ.
In Acts 1:1, the author doesn't address his audience with the formal greeting like we see in Luke 1:3. This suggests that Theophilus was demoted after Luke 1 was finished and by the time Acts 1 was began to be written around 62 C.E.. Coincidentally, Theophilus, son of Annas, began his high priesthood in 37 then promptly removed by Herod Agrippa in 41 C.E.
Theophilus had access to great wealth much like his offspring (Luke 8:3), he would've been able to commission a literary work of high historical caliber such as the gospel according to Luke.
The internal, theological evidence seem to support this hypothesis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theophilus_(biblical)#Jewish_priest
Theophilus might explain why the author of Acts stated there was a period of peace during Pentecost (~37 C.E.) in verse 9:31, and why the prefect Felix was spoken negatively since Felix was part of the plot that lead to the murder of Jonathan, Theophilus's brother.
This video makes a textual argument supporting the existence of the gospel of Luke during the lifetime of the apostles. The dating at the latest is around 55 C.E. If the argument is correct, ~500 eye witnesses would've been still alive (the count likely wouldn't be as high after 70 C.E.) when Luke was written. and the comment of those who died might have included Joanna, granddaughter of Theophilus. It's also essential to note that the author of that gospel admits he borrowed earlier sources(plural), which strongly indicates that the gospels of Matthew and Mark was also written before 55 C.E. (Luke 1:1-3).
https://youtu.be/9CUVjg888m0?t=11m36s
The early christian theologians wouldn't have known much about the details of Theophilus, son of Ananus, since 70, and especially by 136 C.E., the Christians & Jews split further away because their growing animosity of each other. The result of this much of the Judean setting was lost, like we see with the theology behind the Memra for Greek philosophy regarding the “Logos” or the canonicity of the apocryphal books. This is why these early theologians incorrectly speculated Theophilus was an Alexandrian plebeian, Roman soldier or Paul's lawyer, when he was actually a high priest, because the background was simply foreign to them and they wanted to distance themselves from it.
The chronology of the Pauline letters
http://paultanner.org/English%20Docs/SpecialArt/Pauline%20Chronology.pdf
An argument that the book of Hebrews as written prior to 70 C.E.
https://www.academia.edu/7928071/The_Original_Recipients_of_the_Book_of_Hebrews
Old testament quotes found in the New testament
https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/rev-henry/9_ot-in-the-nt_nicole.pdf
https://www.blueletterbible.org/study/misc/quotes.cfm
1 Thessalonians 5:2, 2 Peter 3:10, Revelation 16:15 uses the same allegory about the thief for the apocalypse in Matthew 24:43.
John 21:25 implies there were other writings about Christ which we identify as the other gospels.
1 Corinthians 14 there's a critique regarding speaking in tongues, events like we see in Acts 2:2-4
Galatians 1:13-14 (48 C.E.) coincide with Acts 9:1-22 (62 C.E.)
Paul wrote three letters around the same time, addressing the issue of Onesimus, to his friends, Tychicus, and Philemon, in the letters of Ephesians, Colossians, and Philemon. Ephesians 6:21-22, Colossians 4:7-9, Epistle of Philemon
“The laborer is worthy of his wages.”1 Timothy 5:18 that's only found in Luke 10:7
“This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased” 2 Peter 1:17 is identical to Matthew 17:5
2 Peter 3:15-16 mentions the Pauline letters
The epistle of James and its parallels on the sermon on the mount
https://www.agapebiblestudy.com/charts/James'%20Letter%20and%20Sermon%20on%20the%20Mount%20Compared.htm
Most, but not all, quotations of the New testament from early Christian theologians. Staring from 60?-750 C.E.
http://www.biblequery.org/Bible/BibleCanon/EarlyChristianNTGridReferences.html
The author describes how Christians behaved in the second century. He may have also confirmed “the writings” as the first ever mentioned New Testament canon. 120-130
http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/aristides-kay.html
The Coherence-Based Genealogical Method (CBGM) This method is used by researchers to find the original, likely coherence of text within ancient, biblical manuscripts with computer models.
https://www.uni-muenster.de/INTF/Genealogical_method.html
https://www.academia.edu/43736768/The_Development_of_the_Coherence_Based_Genealogical_Method_CBGM_its_Place_in_Textual_Scholarship_and_Digital_Editing
Kalam cosmological argument Genesis 1:1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CulBuMCLg0
Planets are initially formless and occasionally surrounded by solid water; Genesis 1:2
http://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-have-observed-a-planet-forming-for-the-first-time-ever
https://public.nrao.edu/static/pr/planet-formation-alma.html
http://www.space.com/27969-earth-water-from-asteroids-not-comets.html
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/how-did-earth-get-its-water
Photon epoch to the “Dark ages” Genesis 1:3-4
http://www.wow.com/wiki/Photon_epoch
http://www.space.com/13368-universe-dark-ages-survival-cosmos-evolution.html
A similar story to Adam and Eve: The adapa tablet A.K.A. the adam and eve seal. Genesis 2:7-3:24
http://www.ancient.eu/article/216/
http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details/collection_image_gallery.aspx?partid=1&assetid=417634001&objectid=368842
The Tigris river; Genesis 2:14
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/912964
The city of Ashur (Aššur)
https://www.britannica.com/place/Ashur-ancient-city-Iraq
The Euphrates river
https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/912849
Males and females become one, Genesis 2:24, Mark 10:8
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0045592
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/16084184/
https://peerj.com/articles/2123/
http://www.physiciansforlife.org/the-two-become-one-the-role-of-oxytocin-and-vasopression/
https://www.fsigenetics.com/article/S1872-4973(12)00183-4/fulltext
https://www.livescience.com/3328-saliva-secret-ingredient-kisses.html
https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2049-2618-2-41
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-06/ns-smy062602.php
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128125717000083
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17085725/
https://academic.oup.com/biolreprod/article/85/Suppl_1/28/2958819
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303720720302562
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27485480/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25270393/
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169-5347(16)00046-X
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2017.00154/full
A new computer model for ancestral humans
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature02842?fbclid=IwAR3kgH4UmbXXZe17xd4xNZxL3RuUpJMi04gM0DINvjq9di8KI-h_rU9GvwQ
Humans return to dust (eventually); Genesis 3:19
https://www.businessinsider.com/how-long-it-takes-human-body-decompose-grave-coffin-2019-8
https://nerdist.com/article/is-dust-skin-science-answers-derek-muller/
Few of the earliest archaeological mentions of the LORD's name; Genesis 4:26, 12:9; Exodus 3:14
https://www.academia.edu/648163/_with_Christoffer_Theis_and_Manfred_G%C3%B6rg_Israel_in_Canaan_long_before_Merenptah_A_Fresh_Look_at_Berlin_Statue_Pedestal_Relief_21687_JAEI_2_4_2010_1_11
https://watchjerusalem.co.il/515-berlin-pedestal-earliest-mention-of-israel
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/07x6659z
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/arad-16-ostracon-hebrew-inscription-04956.html
Weld prism Genesis 5:27
http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section2/tr211.htm
The flood. Virtually every religion and certain fields of science talks about it. Genesis 6:17
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618201000908
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237174267_Water_sheet_outburst_floods_from_the_Laurentide_Ice_Sheet
https://sites.google.com/site/georgemitrovicauthor/the-legends-of-the-cataclysms
https://www.academia.edu/17026643/Noah_and_the_Deluge_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
http://neilixandria.com/index.php/Epic_of_Gilgamesh
http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/GOe8Mt6vRdSNcg-yeivrEA
http://www.piney.com/EriduGen.html
https://www.livius.org/articles/misc/great-flood/flood3_t-arahasis/
http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section5/tr561.htm#para5
https://www.livius.org/articles/misc/great-flood/flood3_t-berossus/
http://bahai-library.com/bahaullah_lawh_kull_taam
http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section2/tr211.htm
http://www.uwosh.edu/coehs/cmagproject/ethnomath/legend/legend9.htm
http://www.meta-religion.com/World_Religions/Ancient_religions/Central_america/tata_and_nena.htm
http://www.mesoweb.com/pari/publications/journal/701/Flood_e.pdf
http://www.greeka.com/sterea/delphi/delphi-myths/deucalion-pyrrha.htm
http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae4.html
http://www.native-languages.org/legends-flood.htm
http://www.egyptartsite.com/beer.html ?
http://www.jamboree.freedom-in-education.co.uk/real_history/manu.htm
http://www.nativeamerican-art.com/apache-legend1.html
http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/chinaflood.html
http://www.nouahsark.com/en/infocenter/culture/history/monarchs/nuwa.php ?
http://www.academia.edu/7802316/A_Literary_Analysis_of_the_Flood_as_a_Semitic_Type-Scene
http://www.finnishmyth.org/FINNISH_MYTHS_CULTS/FLOOD.html
120 year lifespan limit; Genesis 6:3; (or it could mean the time between the declaration and when the flood started)
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2802895/we-ll-soon-live-120-years-old-probably-absolute-limit-claims-expert.html
If we assume that “sons” are referring to tribes then these were their locations; Japheth; Genesis 10:2
https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Armenian-people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionians
Kittim/Cethim (Larnaca) Genesis 10:3, Jeremiah 2:10, Ezekiel 27:6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arad_ostraca#Ostracon_1
https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+1.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Tarshish Genesis 10:3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora_Stone
https://doi.org/10.11141%2Fia.35.6
If we assume that “sons” are referring to tribes then these were their locations; Ham; Genesis 10:6
https://www.britannica.com/place/Kish
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mizraim
https://www.britannica.com/place/Punt-historical-region-Africa
https://www.worldhistory.org/canaan/
City of Babylon (Bar.Ki.Bar, Nun.Ki or Bāb-ilim); Genesis 10:10
https://epdf.pub/babylon-wissenskultur-in-orient-und-okzident-science-culture-between-orient-and-.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka_Dingir
http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/iraqeridu.htm
City of Accad
https://www.britannica.com/place/Akkad
City of Erech
https://www.britannica.com/place/Erech
Shanhar = Shinar
http://disc.yourwebapps.com/discussion.cgi?disc=177754;article=11803
City of Calah. Genesis 10:11
http://www.lasalle.edu/~mcinneshin/wk05/ashurnasirpal%20feast.htm
http://www.schoyencollection.com/history-collection-introduction/assyrian-history-collection/inscription-assurnasirpal-ms-711
Crete (Caphtor, Kaptara, Keftiu) the land of the Caphtorites; Genesis 10:14, Amos 9:7, Zephaniah 2:5
https://core.ac.uk/reader/192521910
https://www.academia.edu/11565994/Mati%C4%87_Uro%C5%A1_2015_Aegean_emissaries_in_the_tomb_of_Senenmut_and_their_gift_to_the_Egyptian_king_Journal_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Interconnections_7_4_38_52
https://www.liquisearch.com/caphtor/in_archaeological_sources/mari_tablets
Hittites; Genesis 10:15, Exodus 3:8, 2 Chronicles 1:17
http://web.clark.edu/afisher/HIST&126/Full%20Notes/HIST126-M05-Lecture-HittitesPhoenicians.pdf
City of Sidon (Siduna) Genesis 10:15, 19
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P271185
Arka (Irqata) Genesis 10:17, 1 Chronicles 1:15
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270987
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271085
Arvad (Arwada) Genesis 10:18
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270929
If we assume that “sons” are referring to tribes then these are their locations; Shem; Genesis 10:22
https://www.britannica.com/place/Elam
https://www.britannica.com/place/Aram
https://www.britannica.com/place/Assyria
Ophir (India) Genesis 10:29, 1 Kings 10:22, 2 Chronicles 9:21, Esther 1:1 10th century
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+8.160&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://dictionary.sensagent.com/INDIAN%20PEAFOWL/en-en/#Taxonomy_and_naming
(Brick) Construction began in Mesopotamia; Genesis 11
https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2020-6-1-4-Hnaihen.pdf
The eastern migration into Mesopotamia; Genesis 11:2
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24040024/
https://www.academia.edu/28245304
An epic regarding the confusion of tongues as you would expect if the event happen in Babylon; Genesis 11:7-9; 21st century B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/597903?seq=1
https://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section1/tr1823.htm#para9
A group of Semites traveled to Mesopotamia and across the Fertile crescent; Genesis 11:27-31; Acts 7:2, 3rd millennium B.C.E.
https://ancientmesopotamia.org/cultures/amorites.php
The etymology and history of the kaṣādum/Chaldeans; Genesis 11:28, Genesis 15:5-7
https://www.assyrianlanguages.org/akkadian/dosearch.php?searchkey=ka%E1%B9%A3%C4%81dum&language=rawakkadian (Note “North of today's Syria and South of Turkey” was near where the Eblaite empire used to reside.)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ur_Ka%C5%9Bdim
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/ancient-near-east1/sumerian/a/standard-of-ur-and-other-objects-from-the-royal-graves
The site of Haran (Ḫa-ra-an) Genesis 11:31
Haran is around modern-day Şanlıurfa, Turkey. Haran acted as a large religious center for pagan worship which consistent with Terah's idolatrous nature.
https://www.nytimes.com/1979/01/16/archives/ebla-ruins-shed-light-on-early-urban-man-resemblance-to-cities-of.html
Land of Canaan 2nd millennium B.C.E. Genesis 12:5
http://cojs.org/merneptah-stele-israelites-canaan-1210-bce/
https://www.academia.edu/13452499/The_Canaanites_and_Their_Land_Ugarit_Forschungen_26_1994_pp_397_418
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271038
https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/dna-study-supports-bible-canaanites-homogeneous-group-lived-in-israel-629596
https://www.imj.org.il/en/collections?departmente=1053796
The use of domesticated camels within the fertile crescent during 2nd millennium B.C.E.; Genesis 12:16
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19292708/
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/1355647
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/030751338507100113
Locations and customs: Ebla tablets.
http://virgo.unive.it/eblaonline/cgi-bin/catalogo.html
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/SyriaEbla.htm
http://www.homsonline.com/EN/Citeis/Ebla.htm
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/SyriaCityStates.htm
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/SyriaAlep.htm
The Hubattu/Habiru/Apiru like “Hebrews” were seen as sojourners or social classes; Genesis 14:13, 39:14, 17; Exodus 21:2; 1 Samuel 14:21 (not to be mistaken for simply “Jews” or “Israelites”)
https://archive.org/details/manhisgods00smit/page/89
https://books.google.com/books?id=HmTOoQmf23AC
https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1280&context=jats
Damascus (EA 194-97, the mayor, Biryawaza) Genesis 14:15
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271144
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270991
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271050
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270928
Nuzi tablets for cultural background
http://www.academia.edu/1140995/Nuzi_and_Biblical_Scholarship_an_85-Year_Retrospective
Hammurabi was the king of Babylon and he's identified by scholars as the "Amraphel" of the Bible (Genesis 14:1)
http://www.livescience.com/39393-code-of-hammurabi.html
Hatzatzon-Tamar; Genesis 14:7
http://www.allaboutarchaeology.org/ein-gedi.htm
Chedorlaomer (Kuderlahgamal); Genesis 14:9
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_Sp-II-987
https://archive.org/details/journaloftransac291897vict/page/51/mode/2up
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_SP-158
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_Sp-II-962
https://archive.org/details/journaloftransac291897vict/page/61/mode/2up
https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_Sp-III-2_1
https://archive.org/details/journaloftransac291897vict/page/46/mode/2up
Trained solders on martial arts; Genesis 14:14
https://museumegypt.blogspot.com/2011/09/ancient-egypt-marshal-arts-b.html
https://uni-watch.com/2012/08/06/the-worlds-oldest-sport/
City of Salem then Jerusalem (Uru-Salim or Urusalimum): Genesis 14:18, Joshua 10:1
https://www.bu.edu/mzank/Jerusalem/p/period1.htm
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271090
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271091
https://web.archive.org/web/20120729200638/http://beitlehifoundation.org/history/
https://www.jns.org/earliest-reference-to-jerusalem-found-in-rare-ancient-papyrus/
The ancient belief of the multiplicity within the Godhead; Genesis 19:24, Psalm 110:1, Amos 4:10-11, John 5:30, Romans 1:2-4, 8:1-4; 1 Corinthians 15:24-28
https://www.academia.edu/40921297/Two_Powers_in_Heaven_Traditions_and_Early_Christology
https://archive.org/details/TwoPowersInHeavenEarlyRabSegal
Canaanite DNA and philistine DNA mixed: Genesis 21, Deuto 2:32
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/ancient-dna-sheds-new-light-biblical-philistines-180972561/
https://www.livescience.com/55429-philistines.html
Tribe of Gad (line 6) Genesis 30:11
Bezer (line 10) Deuternomy 4:43
Kemoš/Chemosh Numbers 21:9
Arnon (line 10) Numbers 21:13
Jahaz (line 8) Numbers 21:23
Dibon (line 1, 8 & 11) Numbers 21:30
Medeba (line 4 & 12) Numbers 21:30
Ataroth (line 6) Numbers 32:3-4
Aroer (line 10) Numbers 32:24
Beth Ball Meon (line 4 & 12) Joshua 13:7 Ezekiel 25:9
Kiriathaim (line 4) Joshua 13:19 Ezekiel 25:9
Omri (line 2 & 4) 1 Kings 16:16
https://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/320-the-stela-of-mesha/
Speckled Jacob sheep Genesis 30:32
https://www.hobbyfarms.com/spot-on-jacob-sheep-a-unique-sheep-breed-2/
Edom as a mining city, which may suggest that Edomites once had a powerful kingdom, Genesis 32:3, Deuteronomy 8:6-9
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0221967
https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/.premium.MAGAZINE-archaeology-confirms-book-of-genesis-on-israel-s-arch-nemesis-the-edomites-1.7855111
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/03/king-solomon-mines-bible-timna-dung/
City of Shechem (or Sekmem). Genesis 33:18, Joshua 24:32, Judges 9:6, 1 Kings 12:1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shechem
http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_onomasticon_01_intro.htm# [The Madaba Map]
http://egypt-grammar.rutgers.edu/Miscellany/khu_sobek_Manchester.pdf
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34547523
Mari tablets for cultural background; Gen 33:19; 34:1–3
https://www.ministrymagazine.org/archive/1977/04/the-mari-archives
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/MesopotamiaMari.htm
http://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?Collection=Aleppo&Provenience=Mari
https://www.academia.edu/29529055/Mari_Archive_2014_
Khenti uash of Keshu (chief Jeush of Cushan); Genesis 36:5, 15, 18; Habakkuk 3:7, 20th-19th century B.C.E.,
https://mjn.host.cs.st-andrews.ac.uk/egyptian/texts/corpus/pdf/Sinuhe.pdf
The Midianites; Genesis 36:37
https://www.academia.edu/13095074/2014_The_Date_of_the_Qurayyah_Painted_Ware_in_the_Southern_Levant
Edomites, mountains of Seir, Bozrah, Teman and Petra; Gensis 36:43, Jeremiah 49:13-18, Ezekiel 25:14.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Deir
http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/Petra/excavations/history.html
Heshbon Ostraca 4-8; Genesis 37:25 Genesis 43:ll, Baalis, Jeremiah 40:14
http://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1298&context=auss
http://www.academia.edu/1919969/Israel_Judah_and_Ammon_and_the_Motifs_on_the_Baalis_Seal_from_Tell_el-Umeiri
Hammurabi code no.208, 214, and 252 one-third of a Mina is worth 20 silver shekels Genesis 37:28
https://sacred-texts.com/ane/ham/ham07.htm
The seal of Joseph, Genesis 42-49, 18th-17th century
https://www.academia.edu/35532146/The_Seal_of_Joseph_in_His_Palace_at_Tell_Ed_Daba_Re_edited_
The old kingdom had chariots (although they may not have been used for war); Genesis 50:9
https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/9/40/69897/Heritage/Ancient-Egypt/Old%20Kingdom-leather-fragments-reveal-how-ancient-E.aspx
https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/chariots/
David Rohl's hypotheses and their counterarguments
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Chronology_(Rohl)
Goshen (Gesem); Genesis 46:34
John Van Seters, "The Geography of the Exodus," in Silberman, Neil Ash (editor), The Land That I Will Show You: Essays in History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honor of J. Maxwell Miller (Sheffield Academic Press, 1997) pp. 267–26
Papyrus Anastasi IV
Pharoahs viewed Asaitics living Egypt as abominations; Genesis 46:34
http://www.ancientneareast.net/egypt/the-speos-artemidos-inscription-of-hatshepsut/
Iron age four room house at Avaris (it's under the city of Rameses) almost identical to that of ancient Israelite homes; Genesis 47:11
1991. An Iron Age Four Room House in Ramesside Egypt. Eretz Israel (A. Biran Volume) 23: 10–12.
70 day -with 40 days of drying- mummification procedure, Genesis 50:2-3
https://www.historyonthenet.com/the-egyptians-mummies
Sinai 361, slavery, and Moses (Still strongly debuted); Exodus 1-13; 15th century B.C.E.
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4009258/Is-Hebrew-world-s-alphabet-Israelites-Egypt-turned-hieroglyphs-letters-3-800-years-ago.html
https://www.asor.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/8-8.jpg
Captering and enslaving the hebrews. “...My soldiers were as lions are with their spoil, having serfs.” Exodus 1:11
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/kamose_inscription.htm
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/ahmose_inscription.htm
https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/historyofegyptone11/files/19104137.pdf search “: four”
Pithom (Per-Atum), Papyrus Anastasi VI; Exodus 1:11
https://www.bu.edu/anep/ANET.html
King Seti I was the person who changed the name of the city of 'Avaris' to “Rameses”. Genesis 47:11 states that Joseph was given the property of Rameses.But if Joseph was king Seti I's vizor...then the exodus had to occurred in the 10th-9th century (at the earliest!) after ~430 years in Egypt, which not only contradicts everything in scripture, but also in biblical archaeology.
Obviously the references of the LAND (not city) of Rameses is about a location, not a period of time, so it's more than possible that later scribes/translators modify the text so future readers could locate the places mentioned (most likely during king Josiah's reign), after all, that's what happed with Yam Suph or should I write “Red sea”, “Sea of the end/sea of Aqaba” or “Sea (lake) of Reeds”?
Semites creating bricks in Egypt though slave labor; Exodus 1:14
https://www.academia.edu/43068666/Brick_by_Brick_What_Did_the_Israelites_Build_in_Egypt
https://www.academia.edu/35606187/Ancient_Israel_in_Egypt_and_the_Exodus
Shiphrash slave list, Brooklyn 35.1446, two women preventing the genocide of Hebrew children. Exodus 1:15-21 and other names Menahem, Isaachar, Usher.
http://www.academia.edu/1797600/Two_Faces_of_Resheph_in_Egyptian_Sources
http://www.jstor.org/stable/595513?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
https://books.google.com/books?id=FpqBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA432&dq=Papyrus+Brooklyn+35.1446&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjc6ezf17rMAhUS5mMKHa2RD-IQ6AEITjAI#v=snippet&q=28&f=false ??
Death of asiatic infants: “The mistresses of Avaris shall not conceive,” Exodus 1:16
http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/w%20civ%2002/kamose.html
Egyptian practice of midwives with birthstools; Exodus 1:16
https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/06/science/ancient-birth-bricks-found-in-egypt.html
The plagues of Egypt. The Ipuwer papyrus; Exodus 7:14-12 1850-1450 B.C.E.
http://ohr.edu/838
http://neilixandria.com/index.php/Admonitions_of_Ipuwer
A mixed multitude in Avaris; Exodus 12:38
https://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs14/files/2012/08/ch08.pdf
Semitic abecedary found in Egypt reflecting the conservative archaeologists of dating of Exodus; 1450 B.C.E.
https://www.timesofisrael.com/first-written-record-of-semitic-alphabet-from-15th-century-bce-found-in-egypt/
The way of the land of the Philistines was the way of Horus road; Exodus 13:17
https://www.academia.edu/6106612/_A_Highway_out_of_Egypt_the_Main_Road_from_Egypt_to_Canaan
https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/newly-discovered-fortress-way-horus-egypt-stood-sentinel-020165
Baal-Zephon, Papyrus Sallier IV; pg 16 (2nd slide); Exodus 14:2
https://www.academia.edu/10074927/_Peru_nefer_The_Principal_New_Kingdom_Naval_Base_Egyptian_Archaeology_34_2009_15_17
Radiocarbon dating of grass seeds( in addition to various artificates) suggests that Avaris was partly abandoned around 1450 B.C.E. (the rest of Avaris was mainly used as a cemetery)
https://www.archaeology.org/issues/309-1809/features/6855-egypt-hyksos-foreign-dynasty#art_page4
How eastern winds could split the sea of Suf; Exodus 14:21
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-11383620
Necessary generational changes/adaption; Exodus 20:5, Leviticus 26:39, Deuteronomy 23:7-9, Numbers 14:18
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/07/170717100548.htm
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170816145357.htm
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/epigenetics-160831123948/95/epigenetics-19-638.jpg?cb=1472647201
The ark of the covenant in its Egyptian context; Exodus 25:10-22
https://www.academia.edu/43369859/The_Ark_of_the_Covenant_in_its_Egyptian_Context_An_Illustrated_Journey
Clay pomegranate ornament Exodus 28:34
https://www.academia.edu/39735465/A_Ceramic_Pomegranate_from_Shiloh
Beka weight from the Temple Mount; Exodus 38:26
https://www.jewishpress.com/news/israel/jerusalem/first-temple-beka-weight-unearthed-in-jerusalem-sifting-project/2018/11/21/
Proof that Passover was practiced as far back as 5th century B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3259988?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
The tale of Aqhat mentions Rapauma (Rephaim); Deuteronomy 3:11; 14th century B.C.E.
https://www.deverbovitae.com/articles/danelaqhatrephaim/
Rephaim in other Ugaritic sources.
https://drmsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Rephaim-LBD.pdf
Life is in the blood; Leviticus 17:11
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014579307006667
https://www.centrichealthcare.org/oxygen-level-drops-too-low/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/11/081117131717.htm
Mesha Stele mentions king Balak, Numbers 22:2, 9th century
https://www.livescience.com/65381-mesha-stele-biblical-king.html
The guy with a talking donkey, Balaam son of beor , Deir alla inscription. Numbers 22-24
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/deir-alla-inscription/
Gennesaret/Kinneret (Kennarout); Numbers 34:11, Deuteronomy 3:17; Joshua 11:2, 12:3; Matthew 14:34, Mark 6:53, Luke 5:1
https://kinneret-excavations.org/tel-kinrot
https://archive.org/details/Gauthier1928/page/n105/mode/2up
Ammonites Deuteronomy 2:19, Judges 11:1-28
http://www.livius.org/articles/place/ammon-kingdom/
Kedemoth/Qedemoth (Qedem), Deuteronomy 2:24-26
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt/literature/sanehat/comments.html#12
Jewish amulet Shema' Yisrael: Deuteronomy 6:4
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080316124416.htm
Gilgal, Deuteronomy 11:30, Josh. 15:7, II Kings 2:1–2; 4:38–44
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/wheel-of-giants_n_56443006e4b08cda348780fb
Ancient Israelite house Joshua & Judges
https://www.academia.edu/26540833/The_Emergence_of_Ancient_Israel_in_Canaan
Possible Canaanite cities from Egyptian Execration Texts
https://i.imgur.com/W3N06Ng.png
https://www.academia.edu/1216505/Typological_Classes_in_North_West_Semitic_Toponymy_of_the_Third_Millennium_BCE_Egyptian_Execration_Texts_Data
https://www.academia.edu/25340113/Do_the_Execration_Texts_Reflect_an_Accurate_Picture_of_the_Contemporary_Settlement_Map_of_Palestine
Joshua's conquest of tribes and lands
http://theoluniv.ub.rug.nl/29/2/2010Bekkum%20Dissertation.pdf
Ashtaroth (Aštartu) Joshua 2:13, 9:10, 1 Samuel 7:4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_256
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_364
Jericho Joshua 6
https://www.academia.edu/41702471/The_Italian_Palestinian_Expedition_to_Tell_es_Sultan_Ancient_Jericho_1997_2015_Archaeology_and_Valorisation_of_Material_and_Immaterial_Heritage
http://archaeology.about.com/od/jterms/qt/jericho.htm
https://interesnews.com/planet/archaeology-news-the-evidence-that-can-prove-bible-account-of-the-fall-of-jericho.html
http://www.academia.edu/8688397/The_Archaeology_of_Collapse_and_Resilience_Tell_es-Sultan_ancient_Jericho_as_a_Case_Study
http://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/22/world/believers-score-in-battle-over-the-battle-of-jericho.html
Case for Joshua 10
https://www.academia.edu/35716749/Conquest_Canaan
Execration Texts & Hieratic script are the earliest mentions of Jerusalem; Joshua 10:1; 19th B.C.E.
https://ancient_egypt.academic.ru/411/Execration_Texts
Lachish; Joshua 10:3
https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/canaanite-temple-unearthed-at-lachish-17-february-2020.aspx
Azekah; Joshua 10:10-11, 15:20; 1 Samuel 17, Jeremiah 34:6-7
https://www.academia.edu/36261221/Illuminating_a_Canaanite_and_Judahite_Town_The_Archaeological_Background_of_Tel_Burna
https://www.academia.edu/39839557/The_Late_Bronze_and_Early_Iron_Ages_of_Southern_Canaan
Sennacherib's Prism, Bassorilievi assiri del, The Lachish Letters, Mass Deportations of the Assyrian Empire, Joshua 10:31, Isaiah 37:8, 2 Kings 18:14
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/sargon/essentials/governors/massdeportation/
http://faculty.washington.edu/snoegel/PDFs/articles/Noegel%2049%20-%20ANEHST%202006d.pdf
http://www.generationword.com/notes/lamentations/Lachish-Ostraca-Translation.pdf
Gezer (Gaazri); Joshua 10:33; 16:10; Judges 1:29; 1 Kings 9:15-17
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270935
Tel Eton has been identified as Eglon Joshua 10:34–36; 15:39 https://www.academia.edu/1598217/Tel_Eton_A_Biblical_City_in_the_Shephelah_Eretz_Magazine_115_2008_56_61
Achshaph (Akszapa); Joshua 11:1
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270861
Philistines; Joshua 11:1-2, Judges 3:1-3 1 Samuel 4:1 1 Samuel 13:5.
http://www.braasch-megalith.de/1-sea-people.html
http://www.ancient.eu/Sea_Peoples/
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/sea_peoples.htm
http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/armour1.htm
http://www.salimbeti.com/micenei/sea.htm chariots
Destruction of of Hazor (Hasura) by fire; Joshua 11:10-13, Judges 4-5, 14th century B.C.E.
https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1396800/archaeology-news-undeniable-evidence-bible-true-israel-conquest-canaan-evg
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270933
Geshurites; Joshua 12:5,13:11,13:13;
https://www.timesofisrael.com/king-david-era-fort-found-in-golan-may-be-1st-evidence-of-bibles-geshurites/
Taanach; Joshua 12:21, 1 Kings 4:12, 1 Chronicles 7:29
http://www.jezreelvalleyregionalproject.com/ta-anek.html
Megiddo (magiidda); Joshua 12:21
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270997
City of Ekron, The Ruler of Ekron Inscription, Ekron Royal Dedicatory Inscription; Joshua 13, 1 Kings 2:39-40 , Judges 10:6, 2 Kings 1, Amos 1, Isaiah 2:6
http://www.academia.edu/13426850/A_Royal_Dedicatory_Inscription_from_Ekron
Tell es-Safi. the enterance of gath (powerful earthquake 1:1 Amos??); Joshua 13:3, 1 Samuel 5:8, 17, 21:10,
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/science-gath-philistines-gate-fortifications-03092.html
City of Gath (Ginti-kirmil), Joshua 13:3; 1 Samuel 6:17; 2 Chronicles 26:6
https://www.timesofisrael.com/colossal-ancient-structures-found-at-gath-may-explain-origin-of-story-of-goliath/
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271089
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_289
Gebal (Gub-la or Byblos), Joshua 13:5
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271081
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270987
Kirjath-anab, Beth-Sepher, Deper, Kadesh, Temenet?, Beth-sha-el?, Megiddo, and Jordan are Anab, Kirjath-Sepher, Debir, Kadesh, Timnath?, Bethsaida?, Megiddo, and Jordan respectively, Joshua 15:15
The Kin might be the Kenizzites, Joshua 14:14-15
One group of the descendants of Anak, Sheshai, perhaps referencing to these Shosu people. A royal egyptian cubit is about 53 cm or 20.9”, so these “Shosu”s were approximately 212-265cm or 7'-8'9” tall. Numbers 13, Judges 1:20
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papyrus_Anastasi_I#References
https://www.willemwitteveen.com/the-royal-cubit/
Ziklag; Joshua 15:31, 19:5; 1 Samuel 27:5-6
http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/biblical-city-ziklag-07426.html
Names of cities and people the Fiscal bullae: Joshua:15:20-63
http://www.academia.edu/2026287/Six_Hebrew_Fiscal_Bullae_from_the_Time_of_Hezekiah
http://www.academia.edu/15769463/Ten_Unrecorded_Hebrew_Fiscal_Bullae
Shiloh; Joshua 18:1, 1 Samuel 3:21, Jeremiah 7:14,
http://www.britannica.com/place/Shiloh-ancient-city-Palestine
Shunaam (Szunama); Joshua 19:18
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270877
The Israelites engaged in idol worship even in Egypt; Joshua 24:14
https://www.academia.edu/1703216/Between_Kerma_and_Avaris_the_First_Kingdom_of_Kush_and_Egypt_in_the_Second_Intermediate_Period
https://www.academia.edu/2118912/Reshep_and_Astarte_in_North_Sinai_A_Recently_Discovered_Stela_from_Tell_el_Borg
The failure of conquering Canaan and eliminating the Canaanites for idolatry; Judges 1-2:3, Matthew 15:21-28. (Also Jesus may have had a Disciple who is/or partly Canaanite: Simon Cananeus)
https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/07/genetic-evidence-suggests-the-canaanites-werent-destroyed-after-all/
Sisera was likely a descendant from Sardinia, Judges 4
https://www.jpost.com/Christian-In-Israel/Features/Long-time-archaeological-riddle-solved
https://www.academia.edu/17492035/Siseras_900_Chariots_And_A_Tent_Peg
City of Ai.
http://www.britannica.com/place/Ai
https://www.academia.edu/33951147/Khirbet_el_Maqatir_A_Biblical_Site_on_the_Benjamin_Ephraim_Border
The east gate of Shechem where Gaal and Zebul watched the forces of Abimelech approach the city; Judges 9:34-38
http://digicol.lib.depaul.edu/cdm/ref/collection/gic/id/3706
Samson, the leader of the Danunym...or the Danites? Judges 13-16
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgkn3ka75nc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8a6vzU9mng
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z83kzHTcxJc
Tell en-Nasbeh, Mizpah of Benjamin; Judges 20:1-11, 1 Sam 7:5-12, 1 Sam 10:17-24, 2 Kgs 25:23-26; Jer 40:6- 42:22
http://www.arts.cornell.edu/jrz3/frames2.htm
Merenptah Stele, first ever mention of Israel.
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/merenphatvictorystele.htm
Philistines are known for the iron works including knives, plowshares, weapons, etc.; 1 Samuel 13:19-21
https://www.thattheworldmayknow.com/the-latest-technology
Pim weight; 1 Samuel 13:21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pim_weight#/media/File:Pim-weight_photo-top.jpg
Geshur; 2 Samuel 3:3
https://www.asuh.org/news-media/archaeologists-in-golan-heights-unearth-fort-dated-to-time-of-biblical-king-david/
Island and city of Tyre (Ṣurru), 2 Samuel 5:11, Nehemiah 13:16, Ezekiel 26:2-5, Matthew 11:21
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270914
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P270913
https://www.britannica.com/place/Tyre
Fortress of Zion, 2 Samuel 5, 11th century
https://www.cityofdavid.org.il/en/%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA/new-and-groundbreaking-canaanite-discovery
Tilgath Pileser III - Campaigns Against Syria - ANET Volume 1, Sargon's Palace Inscription 2 Samuel 8:9, 1 Chronicles 18:3, Isaiah 37:13,
http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Sargon.html
http://www.academia.edu/12934587/Tiglath-Pileser_III_s_Campaigns_against_Tyre_and_Israel_734-732_ B.C.E._Tel_Aviv_22_1995_pp._268-278
http://www.helsinki.fi/science/saa/8.2%2002%20De%20Odorico.pdf
Abel Beth Maacah; 2 Samuel 20:19, 2 Chronicles 16:4
https://www.timesofisrael.com/hebrew-nametag-on-ancient-wine-jar-reopens-debate-on-scope-of-israelite-kingdom/
Horned altar found at the Shiloh; 1 Kings 2:28, Jeremiah 7:12; 1200-586 B.C.E.
https://watchjerusalem.co.il/773-altar-horns-uncovered-at-shiloh
The first temple, ostracon 18 from Arad (page 450), 7th century B.C.E. 1 Kings 5:1
https://www.academia.edu/1149290/The_Notion_of_Jerusalem_as_a_Holy_City
A chariot stable was excavated in Megiddo may have been owned by king Solomon; 1 Kings 9:15
https://www.academia.edu/9934139/Model_of_King_Solomons_Stables_at_Megiddo_Cat._34_
Merneptah’s destruction of Gezer, 1 Kings 9:16
https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/1.798934
Tadmor–Palmyra, a desert city that was fortified by King Solomon; 2 Chronicles 8.4, 1 Kings 9:17
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+8.6.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.livius.org/articles/place/palmyra/
Ezion-geber; 1 Kings 9:26
https://www.academia.edu/29974589/The_Archaeology_of_Tell_el_Kheleifeh_And_the_History_of_Ezion_geber_Elath
King Hiram I/Ahirom; 1 Kings 9:27 11-10th B.C.E.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hiram-king-of-Tyre
https://www.karwansaraypublishers.com/ahblog/tomb-of-a-phoenician-king/
Ophir ostracon demythicizing Ophir gold; 1 kings 9:28, Job 28:16, Isaiah 13:12, 1 Chr 29:4 8th century B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/23514522?seq=1
The introduction of the Ethio-Semitic language and Admixture groups might suggest there was Mediterranean interactions with Ethiopia, which supports the existence of the interaction between King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. 1 Kings 10; 2 Chronicles 9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397267/ (the full explanation is in the discussion)
Ammonite child sacrifice 1 Kings 11:7
https://www.academia.edu/9373934/DRAFT_The_Amman_Airport_structure_a_re_assessment_of_its_date_range_function_and_overall_role_in_the_Levant_pp_89_198_in_Harrison_Banning_and_Klassen_eds_Walls_of_the_Prince_Egyptian_Interactions_with_Southwest_Asia_in_Antiquity_2015_30_000_words_pdf_upon_request_
Hadadezer (Adad-idri); 1 kings 11:23
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/iraq/article/abs/is-there-a-south-syrian-style-of-ivory-carving-in-the-early-first-millennium-bc/9B258505870DE8D48C5A9DD119451B30
The campaign to Israel written on the temple of Amun: 1 kings 14:25-26.
http://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/historical/hidden/HistSynopsisLinks/shishakinscription.htm
Ben-Hadad I, king of Aram; 1 Kings 15:18-22, 20:1-43; 2 Chronicles 16:1-6
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/westsem/melqart.html
Those of the house of David; 1 Kings 15:20, Judges 18:27-29
http://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/historical/hidden/HistSynopsisLinks/danstela.htm
https://www.timesofisrael.com/ancient-cloths-with-royal-purple-dye-found-in-israel-dated-to-king-davids-time/
https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/.premium-royal-estate-that-served-biblical-kings-found-in-northern-israel-1.8464444
https://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/320-the-stela-of-mesha/ (line 13)
http://popular-archaeology.com/issue/winter-01012015/article/archaeologists-unearth-possible-ancient-judean-administrative-center
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/palace-king-david/
http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/at/v28n2/03.pdf
http://www.jpost.com/Features/In-Thespotlight/Ancient-engraved-earthenware-discovered-in-City-of-David-323438
https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/king-solomon-era-palace-found-in-biblical-gezer-1.5431221
The stele of zakkur, Hazael King of Syria Statue, Saba'a Conquest Stele of Adad-nirari III, Hindanu Stele; 1 kings 19:15, 2 Kings 13:1-3
http://www.aramaic-dem.org/English/History/The_Aramaic_Inscription_of_Zakar_King_of_Hamath.htm
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273092385_A_Stela_of_Adad-nirari_III_and_Nergal-eres_from_Tell_al_Rimah
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/281-the-nimrud-slab/
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/cos-2.114f-the-tell-al-rimah-stela/
Abel-Meholah; 1 Kings 19:15-17
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291853946_It_is_the_land_of_honey_Beekeeping_at_Tel_Rehov
Esarhaddon; 1 Kings 19:36–37; Isaiah 37:37–38, 681–669 B.C.E.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/isis_tunnels
The Moabite stela: Moabite Stone, Mesha King of Moab. 2 kings 1:1; 3:4-27
http://www.ida.net/graphics/shirtail/moabite.htm
Inscribed altar from the Khirbat Ataruz Moabite sanctuary; Israelite Hegemony over Moab; 2 Kings 3:4-8 ~800BC
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00758914.2019.1619971
Galiath? 2 Kings 12:18
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/9997587/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/scientists-find-goliath-inscribed-pottery/
Jeroboam II; 2 Kings 14, 8th century B.C.E.
https://www.timesofisrael.com/2700-years-ago-tiny-clay-piece-sealed-deal-for-bibles-king-jeroboam-ii/
Servent of Jeroboam, Seal of Megiddo 2 kings 14:23-25
http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/megiddo%20-%20the%20solomonic%20chariot%20city.aspx
Tiglath-Pileser. Menahem; 2 Kings 15, Hoshea 2 Kings 15-17
http://www.ancient.eu/Tiglath_Pileser_III/
http://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/historical/hidden/HistSynopsisLinks/tiglathinscription1.htm
http://www.bibleisaiah.com/princes_of_memphis_priest_ptah.htm
Menahem; 2 Kings 15:19-20, 8th century B.C.E.
https://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/283-the-annals-of-tiglath-pileser/
http://ochre.lib.uchicago.edu/zincirli/index_files/Page928.htm
http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/htmls/popup.aspx?c0=13152&bsp=13055
http://fontes.lstc.edu/~rklein/Documents/Assins.htm#Tiglath
http://fontes.lstc.edu/~rklein/Doc5/COS-ANET%20Index.htm (2010)
http://www.bombaxo.com/cosanet.pdf
http://www.bib-arch.org/debates/seal-controversy-06.asp
King Pekah (Peqah) and Hosea; 2 Kings 15:25
https://www.academia.edu/4351515/At_the_Nexus_of_History_and_Memory_The_Ten_Lost_Tribes
King Ahaz; 2 Kings 16, Isaiah 7-9, 2 Chronicles 28
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Ahaz%27s_seal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimrud_Tablet_K.3751
King Rezin (Raḫiānu) of Aram; 2 Kings 16:7–9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rezin#Biography
https://books.google.nl/books?id=1RgRPAkLqLUC&pg=PA43&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
The fall of Samaria to Sargon II written on his palace walls; 2 kings 17:3-6, 24, 18:9-11.
http://www.academia.edu/1490925/A_New_Historical_Reconstruction_of_the_Fall_of_Samaria
http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/Sargon.html
Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser, King Ahab, Jehu of Bit Omr; 2 Kings 17:3, 2 Kings 8:26, 2 kings 9-10
http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/nimrud/livesofobjects/blackobelisk/index.html
http://rbedrosian.com/Classic/Luck/arab223.htm Ahab, the isrealite
Osorkon IV/So, king of Egypt, 2 Kings 17:4
https://www.academia.edu/8204722/The_Coming_of_the_Kushites_and_Osorkon_IV
http://www.touregypt.net/22dyn10.htm
Seige of Lachish by sennacherib, written in the Lachish reliefs; 2 kings 18:13-17.
http://archaeology.tau.ac.il/?page_id=2045
King Nebuchadnezzar; 2 kings, Daniel 4 Evilmerodach 2 kings 18:18-37.
http://www.trocadero.com/stores/IFERGANGALLERY/items/1088604/Mesopotamian-Brick-Nebuchadnezzar-II-580-BC
http://www.bmimages.com/preview.asp?image=00032595001&imagex=11&searchnum=0001
http://www.schoyencollection.com/history-collection-introduction/babylonian-history-collection/tower-babel-stele-ms-2063
Philistines (or 'of those in Ashkelon') were conquered; 2 Kings 18:33-35
https://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/historical/hidden/HistSynopsisLinks/tiglathinscription1.htm
https://www.academia.edu/13459534/Esarhaddons_Treaty_with_Baal_and_Assyrian_Provinces_Along_the_Phoenician_Coast_Rivista_degli_Studi_Fenici_22_1994_pp_3_8
https://www.academia.edu/33530603/How_the_Babylonian_Chronicles_ABC_4_and_ABC_5_Establish_Bible_Prophesy_and_Events_in_Daniel_II_Kings_II_Chronicles_Esther_and_Jeremiah
https://www.academia.edu/1571434/Why_Did_Nebuchadnezzar_II_Destroy_Ashkelon_in_604_BCE
Hezekiah the Judahite; 2 Kings 19; 2 Chronicles 32 and Isaiah 37
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/sennprism1.html
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/sennprism2.html
http://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/104503.php
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=BW4wUQSxnjQC&pg=PA126#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.livescience.com/56300-gate-shrine-excavated-in-israel.html
King Taharqa; 2 Kings 19:9 Isaiah 37:9
http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/about/transcripts/episode22/
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/religion/apis.htm
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/assyrian_conquest.htm
http://www.varchive.org/tac/esarh.htm
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/massive-statue-of-pharaoh-taharqa-discovered-deep-in-sudan-1862007.html
Nineveh; 2 Kings 19:36, Zephaniah 2:13, Jonah 1:2
https://www.livius.org/pictures/iraq/mosul-nineveh/
https://www.livius.org/pictures/iraq/mosul-nineveh/nineveh-palace-of-assurbanipal/
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D178%3Asection%3D1
Adrammelech/Arad-mullissu, son and assassin of Sennacherib; 2 Kings 19:37
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7817/jameroriesoci.140.1.0165?seq=1
God's word against the Assyrian king; 2 Kings 19:28
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/herodotus/sethos.htm
Marduk-apla-iddina II; 2 Kings 20:12 (here called Berodach-baladan), Isaiah 39:1
http://www.jstor.org/stable/4199572?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofworldsu03helm#page/26/mode/2up
Hezekiah's Tunnel; 2 Kings 20:20, 2 Chronicles. 32:30 n 9:5-7, 2 Chronicles 32:2-4
http://goisrael.com/Tourism_Eng/Tourist%20Information/Jewish%20Themes/Jewish_Sites/Pages/The%20Siloam%20Tunnel%20jew.aspx
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/westsem/siloam.html
Spaphan; 2 Kings 22:3
https://www.liquisearch.com/shaphan/bullae_of_shaphan
https://israelmyglory.org/article/bulla-lessons-from-jeremiah-36/
King Manasseh; 2 Kings 22:4
https://watchjerusalem.co.il/603-esarhaddon-prism-proves-king-manasseh
https://www.thetrumpet.com/20609-esarhaddon-prism-proves-king-manasseh
https://archive.org/details/prismsofesarhadd00thomuoft
Hilkiah; 2 Kings 22:4
https://watchjerusalem.co.il/676-archaeological-proof-for-hilkiah-the-high-priest
Shaphan scribe during Josiah’s reign; 2 Kings 22:3-14 and 25:22; This Gemariah, son of Shaphan, should probably be identified with the person by this name known from the book of Jeremiah, verse 36:10
http://jerusalem.nottingham.ac.uk/items/show/37
Beersheba Altar; 2 Kings 23: 6-10
http://emp.byui.edu/SATTERFIELDB/Ancient%20Israel/Horned%20Altar.htm
The practice of child sacrifice in the Levant; 2 Kings 23:10-11
https://www.academia.edu/533889/The_Cultures_of_the_Tophet_Identification_and_Identity_in_the_Phoenician_Diaspora_in_Gruen_Cultural_Identity_and_the_Peoples_of_the_Ancient_Mediterranean_2011_388_413_
https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2014-01-23-ancient-carthaginians-really-did-sacrifice-their-children
Nathan-Melech, servant of the King [Josiah]; 2 Kings 23:11
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/30/opinion/sunday/bible-josiah-david-seal.html
Captivity of Jehoiachin in Babylon; kings 24:15-16
http://www.livius.org/articles/person/jehoiachin-in-babylonia/?
King Nebuchadnezzar burned down the temple, the palace, and “all the great houses”; 2 Kings 25:9, Jeremiah 32:29, 586 B.C.E..
https://factsandtrends.net/2019/08/14/evidence-of-biblical-story-found-in-layers-of-jerusalem-ash/
Gedaliah; 2 Kings 25:22-24
https://www.academia.edu/648364/Gedaliahs_Seal_Material_Revisited_some_preliminary_notes_on_new_evidence_from_the_City_of_David_in_M_Luketski_ed_New_Seals_and_Inscriptions_Vol_2_2012_published
King Jehoiakhin; 2 Kings 25:27
https://web.archive.org/web/20130616092557/http://cojs.org/cojswiki/Babylonian_Ration_List%3A_King_Jehoiakhin_in_Exile%2C_592/1_BCE
Seal of Jezaniah. Seal of Seraiah son of Neriah; 2 Kings 25:23, Jeremiah 36:4,Jeremiah 51:59, .
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaazaniah
Bulla of Azariah son of Hilkiah during Josiah’s reign; 1 Chron 6:13, Ezra 7:1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilkiah
The royal steward Adoniyahu seal; 2 Chronicles 17:8
https://anash.org/seal-bearing-name-adoniyahu-found-near-kosel/
The Priestly Immer seal;1 Chronicles 24:14, Jeremiah 20:1–2
https://www.timesofisrael.com/temple-mount-sifting-project-reboots-to-seek-more-direct-evidence-of-1st-temple/
King Uzziah, The Uzziah Tablet; 2 Chronicles 26:23, Isaiah 6:1, Amos 1:1
http://www.imj.org.il/imagine/collections/item.asp?itemNum=353190
Akeldama; 2 Chronicles 33:6?, Jeremiah 7:30-32?, Matthew 27:3-10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akeldama
Necho II; Chronicles 35:20 & 22, 2 Chronicles 36:4 Jeremiah 46:1-10 Herodotus
“while he also made war by land upon the Syrians and defeated them in a pitched battle at Magdolus”
http://neilixandria.com/index.php/Herodotus_-_The_Histories
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/necho2.htm
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/abc-4-late-years-of-nabopolassar/? [24]
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/abc-5-jerusalem-chronicle/ ?
Cyrus. Jeremiah 50:2;51:44, Isaiah, Daniel 5:30-31, Ezra 1:1-4, 6:3-4.
http://kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/achaemenid-era/a-new-translation-of-the-cyrus-cylinder-by-the-british-museum/ 46:1
http://www.iranchamber.com/history/cyrus/cyrus_charter.php
http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/xenophon-anabasis.asp#BOOK I
Hananiah, Abednego, Mishael?/Hanunu, Arad-Nabû, Musallim-Marduk, Daniel 1:6-7
http://www.academia.edu/2110205/_Nebuchadnezzar_IIs_Prism_E%C5%9E_7834_a_new_edition_Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_Assyriologie_und_Vorderasiatische_Arch%C3%A4ologie Page 203
The Darius Building Inscription, Behistun Inscription The Susa inscription "This palace which I built at Susa" Daniel 8:2, Esther 1:2, Esther 8:15, Ezra 4:9, built the city of Susa." -Herodotus Histories - Book 2
http://www.academia.edu/23429813/A_Stone_Jar_with_Inscriptions_of_Darius_I_in_Four_Languages
Darius Seated Ezra 5:7, Esther 4:11
http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Persia/Behistun_txt.html
http://neilixandria.com/index.php/Herodotus#The_Fifth_Book:_Terpsichore
Alexander the Great Bust Daniel 8:2,5
http://farm5.staticflickr.com/4058/4649422800_91e1081be6_z.jpg
4Q242 Nebuchadnezzar's descendant into madness, healing from God, and the worship of precious metals, wood, & clay.
https://www.livius.org/sources/content/dss/4q242-prayer-of-nabonidus/
https://www.livius.org/sources/content/bible/daniel-on-nebuchadnezzars-madness/
Tobiah the ammanite Ezra and Nehemiah
http://www.netours.com/content/view/276/3
Esarhaddon, Ezra 4:2, Isaiah 37:38
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/victorystele.html
http://www.jstor.org/stable/4200371?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/291-esarhaddons-prism-b/
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/anet/533-534-treaty-of-esarhaddon-with-baal-i-of-tyre/
Context; Ezra 4:4-7, Esther 2:6, Esther 2:5-6 .
https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/oip65.pdf
King Artaxerxes I Longimanus Ezra 4:6-7
https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA321
http://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(10)00521-8/pdf
http://www.jprasurg.com/article/S1748-6815(10)00521-8/pdfs
Tattenai (Tattannu) Ezra 5:3
https://www.academia.edu/985046/From_the_Tattannu_Archive_Fragment
The Elephantine Papyri, Sanballat the Horonite and Johanan; Nehemiah 2:19, 12:23
http://www.ancientneareast.net/elephantine-papyri/
https://www.academia.edu/8655617/Sanballat_in_BT_Arnold_and_HGM_Williamson_eds_Dictionary_of_the_Old_Testament_Historical_Books_InterVarsity_Press_Leicester_
An inscription on the Tell el-Maskhuta Bowls “Qaunu, the son Gashmu, the king of Keda” Geshem, Nehemiah 2:19, 6:1-6 ~500 B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1356289?seq=1
Darius II Nothus, Nehemiah 12:22
https://www.livius.org/articles/person/darius-ii-nothus/
The background for the book of Job. 1900-1700 B.C.E.
https://www.academia.edu/5613976/The_Book_of_Job_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
Shaking of the earth effects its rotation Job 9:6
https://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/japanquake/earth20110314.html
https://phys.org/news/2005-01-earthquake-affects-earth-rotation.html
https://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/news/earthquake-011005.html
The earth has multiple foundations/pillars and they tremble Job 9:6, Psalm 18:7, Proverbs 8:29
https://www.sciencefacts.net/layers-of-the-earth.html
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/planet-earth/why-are-there-ocean-basins-continents-and-mountains/plate-tectonics/earthquakes-and-the-earth-s-internal-structure
“The sun doesn't rise or set.” Job 9:7
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/12955/measuring-a-day/
Stars are sealed by gravity. Job 9:7
https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/objects/stars1.html
https://history.nasa.gov/SP-466/ch13.htm
The expansion/stretching of the universe; Job 9:8, Isaiah 40:22;42:5;45:12;51:13,
https://www.livescience.com/64527-edwin-hubble-universe-expanding.html
http://w.astro.berkeley.edu/~mwhite/darkmatter/hubble.html
The Boötes void of the northern sky; Job 26:7
https://www.historicmysteries.com/bootes-void/
https://oneminuteastronomer.com/5646/constellation-bootes/
https://aiac.space/astronomy/the-bootes-void-and-the-emptiest-place-in-the-universe/
Earth is suspended in space; Job 26:7 (compare this to other ancient religious beliefs like the cosmetic turtle)
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/earth/overview/
The Hydrologic Cycle Job 26:8, Ecclesiastes 1:7, Amos 9:6
https://gpm.nasa.gov/education/water-cycle/hydrologic-cycle
Clouds, light and darkness between the horizon Job 26:10
https://resize.hswstatic.com/w_907/gif/stratosphere.jpg
https://earthsky.org/space/view-from-space-layers-of-atmosphere-on-the-horizon
Air has weight Job 28:25
https://www.nasa.gov/centers/langley/pdf/245898main_MeteorologyTeacherRes-Ch7.r3.pdf
The song of the stars, Job 38:7
https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1516/symphony-of-stars-the-science-of-stellar-sound-waves/
https://public.nrao.edu/radio-astronomy/the-science-of-radio-astronomy/
Springs and valleys/mountains in/on the ocean floor Job 38:16, Proverbs 8:27-28, 2 Samuel 22:16, Jonah 2:5-6
https://www.livescience.com/14516-underwater-rivers-discovered.html
https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/exploring.html
https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/springs-and-water-cycle
https://www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3110802/chinese-vessel-dives-worlds-deepest-ocean-valley
The formation of certain star clusters Job 38:31-32
Pleiades (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_cluster) is being “bind”ed by gravitational forces.
The stars the make Orion's belt (Alnilam, and Mintaka and Alnitak) are in fact moving away from the Orion's star formation (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orion_(constellation))
Arcturus (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcturus) is collecting stars as it travels across the universe.
Oceans have natural paths Psalms 8:8
http://ocean-pro.com/htmfiles/ocean-currents.htm
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/current.html
Anti-theism Psalm 14:1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219078
https://crev.info/2017/08/atheists-dont-trust-atheists/
The Orbit of the Sun Psalms 19:4-6
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/sun/overview/
Observing the scriptures and literacy, Psalm 78:5-6
https://phys.org/news/2021-04-oldest-piece-israel-ancient-shard.html
http://phys.org/news/2009-05-ancient-hebrew-text-jerusalem.html#nRlv
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282620357_The_Ophel_pithos_inscription_Its_dating_language_translation_and_script
https://phys.org/news/2020-09-widespread-literacy-biblical-period-kingdom-judah.html
Proto-Sinaitic script, several proposed that it's the earliest Hebraic alphabet
https://www.academia.edu/19066825/Two_Early_Alphabetic_Inscriptions_from_the_Wadi_el_Hôl_New_Evidence_for_the_Origin_of_the_Alphabet_from_the_Western_Desert_of_Egypt
https://www.academia.edu/30372805/The_Early_History_of_the_Alphabet_The_Proto_Sinaitic_Inscriptions_2_0_Canaanite_not_Hebrew
Knitting and spools with DNA Psalm 139:13
http://biology4me.weebly.com/sc912l1614_cell-cycle--mitosis.html
https://rupress.org/jcb/article/169/6/859/51755/Histone-H1-is-essential-for-mitotic-chromosome
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Assembly-and-function-of-the-oocyte-meiotic-spindle-a-Time-lapse-series-of-MI-visu_fig6_230632991
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/09/140925100254.htm
Laughter is therapeutic, Proverbs 17:22a
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21241447/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/04/100426113058.htm
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21724041/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12652882/
Depression shrinks the bones, Proverbs 17:22b
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/11/091109121129.htm
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/brb3.489
Discovery of Isaiah's seal impression
https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-find-of-biblical-proportions-proof-of-prophet-isaiah-believed-unearthed/
Sargon II Relief Isaiah 10:5-13
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/sargon/essentials/kings/sargonii/
Winged Bull - One Sided Alabaster Relief of Sargon and His High Official Isaiah 20:1 Isaiah 20:6 ?
http://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/historical/hidden/HistSynopsisLinks/sargoninscription.htm
Sargon II overwhelmed the coastal city of Ashdod Isaiah 20:1
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/2020/01/rare-assyrian-carvings-discovered-iraq/
Names, military, assassinations and royalty. The annals of Sennacherib:(Isaiah 37:33-38)
http://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/oip2.pdf
ABC 23 Market Prices Chronicle Line 10 and Line 38, Merodach Baladan, Isaiah 39
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/abc-23-market-prices-chronicle/?
The noun חוּג in Isaiah 40:22 can mean circle, orb, horizon, etc. The verse might be better understood as “the circumference of the earth”
https://www.wordhippo.com/what-is/the-meaning-of/hebrew-word-c14a94933f5e03c285f0bee0fa50485a14c9c51d.html
Tomb of Cyrus, Isaiah 45:1
http://oznet.net/cyrus/alexande.htm
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1106
Bel and Nebo. The Pagan Gods of Babylon., Nebuchadnezzar India Office Inscription. Ancient Near East Texts Isaiah 46:1
http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=367114&partId=1
http://www.bu.edu/anep/ANET.html
The mention the warning text; Temple Warning Inscription; Isaiah 56:7, Matthew 23:13, Mark 11:17-18, Ephesians 2:13-14
http://orion.it.luc.edu/~avande1/jerusalem/sources/temple-warning.htm
Lachish Ostraca 4 Jeremiah 6:1, 34:7 6th century B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1585087?seq=1
The worship of Baal and Tanit. Jeremiah 7:31, Jeremiah 19:13, Psalm 106:38.
http://chnm.gmu.edu/cyh/primary-sources/404
https://lighthouse.mq.edu.au/article/april-2020/Rare-figurines-uncovered-at-lost-biblical-city
https://www.livescience.com/canaanite-temple-in-buried-city-israel.html
http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/punic-stele-triangular-pediment
http://www.coinsofplanetearth.com/tanit-mother-goddess-of-carthage/
Pashur/Pashhur Jeremiah 20:1, 38:1-4
https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/arad%20-%20canaanite%20city%20and%20israelite%20citadel%20in%20the.aspx
https://www.jpost.com/Local-Israel/In-Jerusalem/Seal-of-King-Zedekiahs-minister-found-in-Jlem-dig
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/History/Early+History+-+Archaeology/Unique+biblical+discovery+at+City+of+David+excavation+site+18-Aug-2008.htm
Lachish Ostracon 3, Jeremiah 26:20-23 6th century B.C.E.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/23624608
Gemariah, Jeremiah's scribe Jeremiah 36:10
https://madainproject.com/seal_of_gemariah
Jerahmeel. Jerahmeel seal, Jeremiah 36:26
http://publications.mi.byu.edu/publications/jbms/12/2/S00008-Has_the_Seal_of_Mulek_Been_Found.html
Jehucal, son of shelemiah. Jehucal Bulla, Gedaliah Bulla. 6th century. Jeremiah 38:1 Jeremiah 37:3 https://www.thetrumpet.com/article/5367.1.0.0/science/royal-seal-of-prophet-jeremiahs-accuser-found
Official hated their prophet Jeremiah 38:4
https://people.bethel.edu/~pferris/ot103/ArchData/pages/LachishLetter6_GIF.htm
Gedaliah, who is over the House. Jeremiah 39.
http://www.academia.edu/648364/Gedaliahs_Seal_Material_Revisited_-_some_preliminary_notes_on_new_evidence_from_the_City_of_David_in_M._Luketski_ed._New_Seals_and_Inscriptions_..._Vol._2_2012_published (questionable source)
http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/unique%20biblical%20discovery%20at%20city%20of%20david%20excavation%20site%2018-aug-2008.aspx
Nebo-Sarsekim Jeremiah 39:3
https://www.academia.edu/1005343/Nab%C3%BB_%C5%A1arr%C5%ABssu_uk%C4%ABn_rab_%C5%A1a_r%C4%93%C5%A1i_und_Nebusarsekim_Jer_39_3_
King Zedekiah and the Babylonian Chronicle, head of King Hophra (Apries); Jeremiah 43:8-13, 44:30 https://istina.msu.ru/media/publications/article/1e3/4f2/2758543/The_Elephantine_Stela_of_Amasis_Endl.pdf
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+2.161&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126#note-link1
http://www.attalus.org/egypt/nesuhor.html
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/herodotus/apries.htm
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/mesopotamian-chronicles-content/abc-5-jerusalem-chronicle/?
Baruch Seal, Jeremiah 45:1
http://articles.aish.com/Bulla.jpg
The temple of Artemis by Herostratus.Micah says "In the house of Aphrah roll thyself in the dust." Aphrah in the Hebrew has only two meanings - Dust as in house of Dust and a Female Deer. Godess Diana Micah 1:7-10
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D11#note26
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239%3Abook%3D14%3Achapter%3D1%3Asection%3D22
Egypt propels Babylon Ezekiel 17:15
http://self.gutenberg.org/articles/eng/File:Victory_stela_of_Psamtik_II_at_Kalabsha_by_John_Campana.jpg
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/psamtik2.htm
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3261901?seq=1
Nebuchadnezzar had a siege against Tyre, just as Ezekiel 26 Page 324
https://books.google.com/books/about/The_History_of_Tyre.html?id=tHw_AQAAIAAJ
Historical context of Amos
http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~tim/study/Amos%20IVP%20BIble%20Background%20Commentary.pdf
Understanding of sheol; Jonah 2:1
https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Sheol
Ninevah as a great city; Jonah 3:3
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.+1.178&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Strab.+16.1.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0239
Nineveh's population Jonah 4:10-11
http://www.aina.org/articles/doaschneider.pdf
https://findanyanswer.com/how-many-soldiers-did-the-assyrian-army-have
Bethlehem; Micah 5:2, Matthew 2:1, 2:16, Luke 2:4-6
https://www.foxnews.com/world/archaeologists-unearth-ancient-bethlehem-seal
The battle of Nineveh, Nahum 1:1-3:17 7th century B.C.E.
https://www.academia.edu/10605296/The_Battle_of_Nineveh
https://www.academia.edu/9512278/Nahum_Nineveh_and_the_Nile_The_Description_of_Thebes_in_Nahum_3_8_9_JNES_62_2_2003_
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Diod.+2.26&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0540
The Christ (Messiah) according to the Targums, the testament of Judah 24, and the DSS
https://hopeofisrael.net/news/messiah-targums/
https://archive.org/details/pdfy-G8cGkFPnmeC_ZwlS/page/n7/mode/2up
https://www.academia.edu/25858146/Messianism_in_the_Dead_Sea_Scrolls
http://www.textexcavation.com/qumran4q521.html
It was excepted the Christ would appear during the first century
https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1045&context=aussj
Jesus, son of God.
http://paxexsistovos.blogspot.com/2012/01/tacitus-suetonius-pliny-younger.html
Flavious Josephus antiquities of the Jews (such as Jesus the Christ, James the just, John the baptizer)
http://jewishchristianlit.com//Topics/JewishJesus/josephus.html
Jesus in the Talmud, the book of the pharisees.
http://www.srsr.org/Talmud.htm
http://www.evidencetoconsider.com/prophecies-messianic/talmudic-evidence-for-the-messiah-at-30-ad
James Bejon explains why Jesus's seemingly dissimilar genealogies are actually complimentary
https://www.academia.edu/41135348/Jesus_Genealogies
Ancient eastern belief of an universal ruler from Judea; Matthew 2:1-11
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Tac.+Hist.+5.13.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0080
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Suet.+Ves.+4.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0132#note-link3
Herod's death in 2-1 B.C.E. Matthew 2:19
https://www.academia.edu/9786536/When_Did_Herod_the_Great_Reign_see_comments_under_more_
https://www.academia.edu/2518046/Herod_the_Great_and_Jesus_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
City of Nazareth; Matthew 2:22, Mark 1:24, Luke 1:26, John 1:45-46
https://phys.org/news/2009-12-jesus-era-house-nazareth.html
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/34511072/ns/technology_and_science-science/#34523421
Herod during Jesus' early life might have been Herod Archelaus or Herod the Ethnarch Matthew 2:22
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+17.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+17.13&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.2.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.33.9&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.7.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
John the Baptist and Herod; Matthew 3:1, Mark 1:4, Luke 1:13, John 1:6
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
The location of John the bapist's bapismal site, Matthew 3, John 1:26-27
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0a63/477978d005e306c392426146784cdce256a7.pdf
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/07/13/u-n-backs-jordans-claim-on-site-where-jesus-was-baptized/
https://whc.unesco.org/en/documents/159224
Earliest extra-biblical mentions of Simon Peter, Matthew 4:18
https://ffoz.org/discover/yahrzeit/simon-peters-yahrzeit.html
http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/papias.html
http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/ignatius-romans-roberts.html
http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/1clement-lightfoot.html
Sea of Galilee, Lake of Gennesaret or Sea of Tiberias. Matt 4:18; 15:29, Luke 5:1, John 6:1; 21:1
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D7%3Asection%3D4
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D16#note-link7
http://www.britannica.com/place/Sea-of-Galilee
The Decapolis; Matthew 4:25, Mark 5:20 & 7:31, Acts 9:22
http://www.livius.org/articles/place/decapolis/
http://masseiana.org/pliny.htm#BOOK V 5,16,2
Anger and adversity kills; Matthew 5:21-22
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24591550
https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/telomeres,-trauma,-and-mindfulness/11769140
https://www.pnas.org/content/113/42/E6335
Extra biblical references to Gehenna/Gehinom/Hell/fire respectively, Matthew 5:29-30, 10:28; Mark 9:47-48; Revelation 20:14-15 (Psalm 110:5, Isaiah 1:28-31, 10:17-18, 30:33, 66:22-24; Daniel 12:2)
https://www.sefaria.org/search?q=Gehenna&tab=text&tpathFilters=Targum&tvar=1&tsort=relevance&svar=1&ssort=relevance
https://www.sefaria.org/Aramaic_Targum_to_Ruth.2.12?lang=en&with=all&lang2=en
https://www.sefaria.org/search?q=Hell&tab=text&tpathFilters=Targum&tvar=1&tsort=relevance&svar=1&ssort=relevance
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/scrolls_deadsea/deadseascrolls_english/08.htm
https://www.essene.com/History&Essenes/md.htm
https://www.qumran.org/js/qumran/hss/4q491
The traditional need for oil while fasting Matt. 6:17
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82510719.pdf
Pagan view of fashion Matthew 6:28,32
https://www.bartleby.com/essay/The-Importance-Of-Roman-Clothing-In-Ancient-P3VJ836QQEF
https://www.bartleby.com/essay/The-Importance-Of-Fashion-In-Ancient-Egypt-PKF8AT59EP
https://www.cram.com/essay/Importance-Of-Fashion-In-Ancient-China/FKDPX4F2BXYQ
https://classroom.synonym.com/ancient-greek-clothing-beauty-10780.html
Leprosy during the 1st century Matthew 8:3, Mark 1:40, Luke 5:13
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-12/thuo-doj121609.php
Peter's house in Capernaum, Matthew 8:14, 1st century C.E.
https://rsc.byu.edu/ministry-peter-chief-apostle/simon-peter-capernaum-archaeological-survey-first-century-village
https://patternsofevidence.com/2021/03/26/capernaum-home-of-simon-peter/
Capernaum. The Black Basalt synagogue at Capernaum. Matthew 8:14-16, Mark 1:21, Luke 4:31, John 6:59, 1st C.E.
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/IsraelExperience/History/Pages/Capernaum%20-%20City%20of%20Jesus%20and%20its%20Jewish%20Synagogue.aspx
https://www.allaboutarchaeology.org/capernaum.htm
Jerash (Gerasa/Gadara) Matthew 8:28-34, Mark 5:1-20, Luke 8:26-39
https://lib-webarchive.aub.edu.lb/BorreLudvigsen/http://almashriq.hiof.no/jordan/900/930/jerash/jerash.html
https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148%3Abook%3D2%3Asection%3D477
Parallels of Jesus Christ's parables found in the Mishnah. Matthew 9:16-17, Luke 6:46-49
https://jamwheeler.com/bible-study/rich-man-and-lazarus-talmudic-background/
Boating in the sea of Galilee; Matthew 13:47-48, John 21: 2-3
https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1406273/archaeology-news-sea-of-galilee-boat-discovery-jesus-christ-proves-bible-evg
James, the biological half-brother of Jesus; Matthew 13:55, Mark 6:3
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.197&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146#note-link33
Herod's dance floor Matthew 14:1-12, Mark 6:19-28
https://www.thedailybeast.com/have-archaeologists-found-historys-deadliest-dance-floor
Herodias Mathew 14:2–11; Mark 6:17–28; Luke 3:19–20
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.9.6+&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
Herod Antipas was the herod Christ met during the trial; Matthew 14:3, Luke 3:1
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0526.tlg004.perseus-eng1:2.181
Herod Philip; Matthew 14:3–4; Mark 6:17–18; Luke 3:19
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.28.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.29.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.30.7&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
Salome; Matthew 14:3–12; Mark 6:17–29
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
The practice of serial marriages/partners is adulterous Matthew 19:9, Mark 10:11-12
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-017-1018-1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/16084184/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/10/141001090238.htm
https://www.wf-lawyers.com/divorce-statistics-and-facts/
https://ifstudies.org/blog/does-sexual-history-affect-marital-happiness
Coins of Herod Archelaus, Salome, Herod Philip II, Pontius Pilate, Agrippa I, etc.
https://coinweek.com/ancient-coins/salome-and-the-rarity-of-coins-featuring-people-from-the-bible/s
http://ancientcoinage.org/coins-of-the-herodians--roman-procurators.html
The Denarius/Tribute penny with Caesar's image; Matthew 22:15-22; Mark 12:14-17; Luke 20:20-26, 14-37 C.E.
https://www.mintageworld.com/media/detail/5020-history-behind-the-tribute-penny/
The chair (or throne) of Moses/Chief seat Matthew 23:2-3; Mark 12:38-40; Luke 4:16, 20:46; James 2:1-6; 2nd B.C.E.-1st C.E.
https://synagogues-360.anumuseum.org.il/gallery/delos-synagogue/#gallery-3
http://www.convince-the-gainsayer.com/The_Seat_of_Moses_-Some_Scholarly_Notes.pdf
Arch of Titus Menorah Relief Matthew 23:37-39, Mark 13:1-2, Luke 19:41-44, Luke 21:5-6, Daniel 9:24-26
http://depts.washington.edu/hrome/Authors/zihengxu/TheRomanTriumphofTitus/pub_zbarticle_view_printable.html
http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/09/11/jerusalem.synagogue/index.html
http://www.ancient.eu/article/499/
Place of Trumpeting Inscription Matthew 24:1-2
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7MK_spizMQwC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA49#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+4.9.12&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
The destruction of the temple. Matthew 24:1-25:46, Mark 13:1-37, Luke 21:5-36
https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/war-6.html
https://exhibitions.kelsey.lsa.umich.edu/galleries/Exhibits/Empire2/monument/titus.html
Pontius Pilate the governor of Judea; Matthew 27:2, Mark 15:1, Luke 3:1, John 18:28-29, 1st ca B.C.E. -1st ca C.E.
http://www.english.imjnet.org.il/Popup.aspx?c0=13142
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Embassy_to_Gaius#XXXVIII
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146#note-link33
http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Coins%20of%20Pontius%20Pilate
https://www.livescience.com/pontius-pilate-street-jerusalem-found.html
https://www.timesofisrael.com/2000-year-old-ring-engraved-with-pilate-may-have-belonged-to-notorious-ruler/?fbclid=IwAR3T910QFiI0hjXfdt7nGSxVT1sU6Ch1uG_feLg40na0k_wDYHV8iUxKSQM
Thallus, Julius Africanus. Fragment 13 Matthew 27:51-53
http://www.jasoncolavito.com/julius-africanus-chronography.html
Phlegon wrote about the lunar elapse and the date.
http://www.attalus.org/translate/jerome2.html#2040
Proof of circular tomb seals in Jerusalem during the first century, which wealthy families could only afford; Matthew 27:66;
the Queen Adiabene tomb
Herod Family Tomb
the Nicophoria tomb
a tomb on Mt. Scopus,
a tomb in the Kidron Valley, and
the Hinnom Valley tomb.
Mariamne Tomb
The rolling stone of the Convent of Sisters of Nazareth? (questionable)
The Nazareth Inscription Matthew 28:13-15 1st B.C.E.-1st C.E.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazareth_Inscription#Text
Golgotha? Matthew 37:33
http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/RelEd/id/389/rec/30
Nailing the heel bone with crucifixion.
http://phdiva.blogspot.com/2011/08/crucified-man-from-1st-century.html
https://www.the-sun.com/news/1672868/nails-crucify-jesus-fragments-bone/
The Lex Puteolana tablet makes detail instructions on roman crucifixion during the first century. This tablet also mentions flogging.
https://www.academia.edu/5427285/Lex_libitinaria_Puteolana
More gruesome discoveries on first century roman crucifixion in Jerusalem
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324496883_A_multidisciplinary_study_of_calcaneal_trauma_in_Roman_Italy_a_possible_case_of_crucifixion
The criterion of embarrassment for the resurrection
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criterion_of_embarrassment
Resurrection of Jesus – a comparative agrument against the mythic theory hallucination theory, conspiracy theory and Christianity.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHofTmolbi0&index=2&list=PL8Re1T3_sNEDOgy1iG4hLBjPAZj4o0k1f
Straw roof in Israelite houses; Mark 2:4
https://www.nazarethvillage.com/about/research-and-archaeology/the-houses/roofs/
Magdala Synagogue Mark 5:21-6:1
http://www.academia.edu/5833882/The_Decorated_Stone_from_the_Synagogue_at_Migdal_A_Holistic_Interpratation_and_a_Glimpse_into_the_Life_of_Galilean_Jews_at_the_Time_of_Jesus
http://www.newsmax.com/TheWire/home-mary-magdalene-unearthed-israel/2015/08/18/id/670589
“Archisynagogos” is a synagogue leader Mark 5:22, Luke 13:14; Acts 13:5; 18:8
http://www.kchanson.com/PTJ/theodotus.html
The practice of Corban/Korban Mark 7:11
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0146:book=4:section=69&highlight=corban
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0148:book=2:section=175&highlight=corban
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260141273_An_Ossuary_from_Jerusalem_Bearing_'Korban'_Inscriptions_glwsqmh_myrwslym_hnwst_ktwbwt_qrbn
The family tomb of Simon of Cyrene? Mark 15:21
https://israelpalestineguide.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/alexander-simon-ossuary-a-second-look-from-bar.pdf
Theophilus, son of Annas Luke 1:3
http://www.jstor.org/stable/27926007?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+19.6.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Augustus Caesar. Luke 2:1
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/ancient/suetonius-augustus.asp
http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/14resgestae.asp
Titulus Venetus CIL III 6687; ILS 2683 (the census/inventory of the world), the first census, Luke 2:1, 3-1 B.C.E. (remember that Galilee was part of Syria before Herod Archelaus unified the land with Judea)
http://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=7323
https://www.academia.edu/3184175/Dating_the_two_Censuses_of_Quirinius
Lysanias; Luke 3:1
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.12.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysanias#Archaeological_Lysanias
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dabilene-geo
Philip, Tetrarch of Trachonitis, Iturea and other northern portions of Palestine, sometimes called Herod Philip II, to distinguish him from his half-brother, Herod Philip, who was not a ruler. Luke 3:1
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+17.1.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.2.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.28.4+&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
Tiberius Caesar reign; Luke 3:1-2,
http://theos-sphragis.info/years_of_tiberius_timeline.html#1st
Annas the high priest; Luke 3:2, John 18:13, Acts 4:6
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.2.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.9.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Caiaphas the high priest; Luke 3:2, John 18:13, Acts 4:5 .
http://www.greatarchaeology.com/Caiaphas_ossuary.php
http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/meast/06/29/israel.ancient.burial/index.html
https://www.livius.org/articles/person/caiaphas/
*Joanna (Yehoḥanah) wife of Chuza, daughter of Theophilus Luke 8:3, 24:10
https://www.jstor.org/stable/27926007?seq=1
The tower of Siloam; Luke 13:4
https://www.askelm.com/temple/t031205.htm
Hematidrosis on the forehead from stress Luke 22:44
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijd.13274
The tradition of releasing a prisoner on Passover Luke 23:17, John 18:39-19:6
https://outorah.org/p/13393
Kiriath Yearim identified as Emmaus, Luke 24:13–34
https://www.thedailybeast.com/emmaus-have-archaeologists-discovered-the-town-jesus-appeared-in-after-his-resurrection
The Jewish Targums's theosophy behind the Logos in the Johannine gospel ; John 1; 1st B.C.E.-1st C.E.
https://academic.oup.com/jts/article-abstract/63/1/261/1644674
https://www.academia.edu/7847884/The_Targum_of_Isaiah_and_the_Johannine_Literature
Ritual purity vessel/practices John 2:3-8, John 11:53-55
https://www.livescience.com/60131-jesus-era-stoneware-factory-uncovered.html
https://www.jpost.com/Israel-News/Archeologists-unearth-2000-year-old-stone-vessel-production-center-502056
Is Nicodemus Nakdimon son of Gurion, the father of Gorion? John 3
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Talmud/taanit3.html
http://www.halakhah.com/gittin/gittin_56.html
http://www.halakhah.com/kethuboth/kethuboth_66.html
http://www.ccel.org/ccel/pearse/morefathers/files/photius_copyright/photius_04bibliotheca.htm 171
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.449&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
Jacob's well. John 4.
http://www.atlastours.net/holyland/nablus.html
Samaritans and their traditions John 4:19-24
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1251&context=studiaantiqua
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.15699/jbl.1353.2016.3129
http://www.livius.org/articles/people/samaritans/
http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/greek/samben.html
Early Jewish Christians John 4:41
https://jamestabor.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/Strange-Archaeology-Early-Xtnty.pdf/
The pool of Bethesda john 5:1-14.
https://israel-tourguide.info/2013/05/08/bethesda-pool-church-santa-anna/
The Sheep Gate John 5:2
http://www.generationword.com/jerusalem101/51-bethesda-pool.html
The pool of Siloam John 9:1-4.
http://articles.latimes.com/2005/aug/09/science/sci-siloam9
Life expectancy religious people John 10:10
https://www.livescience.com/4017-churchgoers-live-longer.html
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322175
Solomon’s Colonnade, John 10:23; Acts 3:11, 5:12, 1st century
https://religionunplugged.com/news/2020/12/23/archeologists-recreate-stone-floor-that-jesus-trod-on-in-herods-sanctuary
http://www.landofisraeltours.com/discovered-2000-year-old-capital-from-solomons-portico/
The judge's seat; John 19:13
http://maps.thefullwiki.org/Gabbatha
http://www.academia.edu/5344535/THE_GABBATHA_K%C5%90PAD_STONE_BENCH_ETYMOLOGY
http://www.eccehomopilgrimhouse.com/Litho
Tacitus The life of Christians and, possibly, the resurrection of Christ.
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0078%3Abook%3D15%3Achapter%3D44
Pliny the Younger, in a letter to the Roman emperor Trajan.
http://www.bartleby.com/9/4/2097.html
https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/products/type/pdfs/Trajan-Pro-3-Online-Specimen.pdf
Lucian of Samosata spoke of Christians and their rituals.
http://lucianofsamosata.info/TheDeathOfPeregrine.html
The Didache has the earliest extra-biblical references on the Lord's supper as “spiritual food”, baptism (in the Trinitarian format), the gathering on Sunday (A.K.A. The Lord's day), the concept of the old & new covenant, and individual churches ruled with plurality bishops & deacons rather than monarchical episcopates, etc. ~1st century C.E.
https://legacyicons.com/content/didache.pdf
R. Gamaliel. Acts 5:34, 22:3
http://www.jewishmag.com/97mag/betshearim/betshearim.htm
http://www.come-and-hear.com/sotah/sotah_15.html
http://halakhah.com/pdf/moed/Pesachim.pdf
http://www.toseftaonline.org/seforim/tractate_sanhedrin_mishna_and_tosefta_1919.pdf
http://halakhah.com/pdf/zeraim/Maaser_Sheni.pdf
The leader of the taxation rebellion and Theudas; Acts 5:37
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.8.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
The days of the census, Acts 5:37, 6 C.E.
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Maybe the synagogue of Freemen? Acts 6:9
http://www.kchanson.com/PTJ/theodotus.html
The great famine Acts 11:27-29, Amos 8:9-13?
http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/annals.7.xi.html paragraph, 4th.
http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetonius-claudius-worthington.asp 18 paragraph
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.2.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Candace Amanitaraqide, Acts 8:27; 21-41 C.E.
https://collections.mfa.org/objects/145336
http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeumdok/2909/1/Lohwasser_Frau_im_Sudan_1999.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?id=jF2jq5JrkS4C&pg=PA97
Ancient Caesarean harbor, Acts 8:40, 21:8, 25:6,
http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1480/
http://www.jpost.com/Arts-and-Culture/Entertainment/Sites-and-Insight-Caesareas-Ancient-Harbor-and-Palace
The great famine, Acts 11:27-28, 46 C.E.
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.2.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Claudius Caesar Acts 11:28, 28:2
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436604?seq=1
Herod Agrippa's death Acts 12:23
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-17.html#EndNote_Ant_17.8a
Sergius Paulus, Quintus Sergius Paulus Inscription, L Sergius Paulis Inscription, Pliny the Elder Natural History Book 2 and 18, Paphos, Acts 13:6-12
http://metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/241979
http://www.fowlerbiblecollection.com/sergius-paulus-inscription.html
http://www.padfield.com/turkey/yalvac/images/sergius-paulus-01.jpg
http://masseiana.org/pliny.htm#BOOK XXX
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_VjMZZqvnyYY/TK-TM9JeHqI/AAAAAAAAAPQ/gKZ41mTEmY4/s1600/duumvir1%5B1%5D.jpg
https://www.livius.org/pictures/lebanon/beirut-berytus/beirut-museum-pieces/beirut-tombstone-of-q-aemilius-secundus/
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Annals/2B*.html#30
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Annals/3C*.html#ref15
Acts 15 may be alluding to the Noahide laws
https://www.christchurchjerusalem.org/wp-content/uploads/20200512-AEime-7-Laws-of-Noah-Didache-and-Jubilees.pdf
Iconium; Acts 16:1-5, 2 Timothy 3:10, 11
http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1200002132
Philippi, a Roman colony; Acts16:12-39
https://www.livius.org/articles/place/philippi/
The politarchs Acts 17:1-9
https://www.jstor.org/stable/267159?seq=1
http://attalus.org/docs/seg/s31_614.html
Paul quotation of greek poets Acts 17:26, 28; Titus 1:12
https://www.redlandsdailyfacts.com/2009/12/01/pagan-poets-words-make-christian-point/
https://www.academia.edu/5351362/Pauls_Use_of_Pagan_Philosophy_in_Acts_17
Thessalonica (with art) Acts 17:6, 11 & 13, Philemon 4:16
http://romeartlover.tripod.com/Thessalo.html
https://drivethruhistoryadventures.com/thessalonica-thessalonike/
Hill Of Ares/Mar's hill, Athens Acts 17:19-34
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Areopagus-Greek-council
https://www.athenskey.com/areopagus.html
Alter of the unknown God, Acts 17:22-31
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unknown_God#Archaeology
Athenian social slang behind “spermologos” Acts 17:34
https://www.academia.edu/44275249/A_Note_on_Paul_the_Spermologos_and_the_Athenians_in_the_Speeches_of_Acts_17_18_21_by_Panayotis_Coutsoumpos
The similar response of Greek philosophers, who deny physical resurrection, Acts 17:32
http://classics.mit.edu/Aeschylus/eumendides.html
The Corinthian synagogue inscription Acts 18:4
http://www.resourcepublications.net/pdfs/study_aids/acts2/acts_2_ov_16.pdf
The Gallio Delphi inscription. Gallio's Judgment seat, The Arch of Claudius. Suetonis - Lives of the Twelve Caesars - Claudius 25. Emperor Claudius - Letter to the Alexandrians, Tacitus Annals Book 6:3 Acts 18:2, Acts 11:28. Acts 18:12 Acts 18:12, Acts 18:14, acts 18:17
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/ancient/suet-claudius-rolfe.asp http://www.formerthings.com/claudius_tiberias.htm
http://users.wfu.edu/horton/r102/gallio.html#_ftn3
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Annals/6A*.html
Forcing jews to leave rome, written by Suetonius: Acts 18:2.
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/ancient/suet-domitian-rolfe.asp
The Godfearers Acts 18:7
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436248?seq=1
https://legacy.tyndalehouse.com/tynbul/Library/TynBull_1990_41_2_10_Levinskaya_GodFearerInscription.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?id=YVI2a9jc4pMC&pg=PA30
https://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12391-proselyte#anchor3
The tribunal at Corinth: Acts 18:12-17
https://www.flickr.com/photos/brianmorley/2814096633/
The wealth of the Ephesians, Acts 19:24, 1 Tm 6:17
https://www.ephesus.us/ephesus/terracehouses.htm
Theater at Ephesus, Acts 19:27, 29, 34, 35,
https://www.whitman.edu/theatre/theatretour/ephesus/commentary/Ephesus.commentary.htm
http://www.mapturkey.biz/images/listing_photos/126_ephesus-theatre.jpg
https://www.livius.org/pictures/turkey/miletus/miletus-theater/miletus-theater-stage-inscription/
The cult of Artemis in Ephesus, Acts 19:34
https://www.sacred-texts.com/wmn/rca/rca04.htm
Miletus Acts 20:17-38
https://www.livius.org/pictures/turkey/miletus/miletus-theater/miletus-theater-stage-inscription/
Isle of Cos/Kos; Acts 21:1
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.21.11&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0084:book=13:chapter=42&highlight=cos
https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113444/http://www.skibbereeneagle.ie/uncategorized/asklepion-of-kos/
The unnamed Egyptian leader Acts 21:38
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.8.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.13.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.openbible.info/geo/atlas/g
Romans rights involving torture. Acts 22:25-29, 25:16
http://www.dl.ket.org/latin1/mores/law/legalsystem.htm
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148%3Abook%3D2%3Asection%3D305#note1
Drusilla, Sister of Herodias and Herod Agrippa I; wife of Roman governor Felix. Acts 24:24
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.5.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Bernice. Acts 25:13
http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/289676.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?id=6yhQnCnNVi4C&pg=PA63&dq=inscription+beirut+berenice+%22queen+berenice%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=snDyVLZ8kcuwBPiLgfAB&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=inscription%20beirut%20berenice%20%22queen%20berenice%22&f=false
Ananias, the son of Nebedeu Acts 23:2, 24:1
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Antiquities_of_the_Jews/Book_XX#Chapter_5
Felix, governor of Judah. Acts 23:26
http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suetonius-claudius-worthington.asp [28]
http://classicalwisdom.com/latin_books/the-annals-by-tacitus-xii/11/
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.7&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Porcius Festus; Acts 24:27.
http://wildwinds.com/coins/greece/judaea/porcius_festus/t.html
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.9.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Alexandria Acts 27:6, Acts 28:11
http://www.britannica.com/place/Alexandria-Egypt
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_VjMZZqvnyYY/TK-TM9JeHqI/AAAAAAAAAPQ/gKZ41mTEmY4/s1600/duumvir1%5B1%5D.jpg
Christians living westward of the city of Puteoli in Pompeii, Acts 28:13-14
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316491612_The_Crosses_of_Pompeii_Jesus-Devotion_in_a_Vesuvian_Town
The protection of personal, Roman bodyguards Acts 28:16, Philippians 1:13
https://www.worldhistory.org/Praetorian_Guard/
Papias' fragments contain some of the earliest, extra-biblical mentions of Judas, Paul, Barsabas, Mary the mother of the Lord and mother of James, Joseph, Mary of Cleophas, Mary Salome, Mary Magdalene, and the apostles: Andrew, Philip, Thomas, James, John, and Matthew. 60-120 C.E.
http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/papias.html
Innate belief in God, Romans 1:18-20
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26898770/
https://www.academia.edu/11022544/Religion_priming_and_an_oxytocin_receptor_gene_OXTR_polymorphism_interact_to_affect_self_control_in_a_social_context
https://academic.oup.com/scan/article/11/10/1579/2413952
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/belief-and-brain-s-god-spot-1641022.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30558684/
However
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/02/100210124757.htm
The foolish; Romans 1:22
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886917303070
https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2096
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271224318_The_six_types_of_nonbelief_a_qualitative_and_quantitative_study_of_type_and_narrative
The thanksgiving hymn section <<XI>> affirms original sin Romans 5:12
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/scrolls_deadsea/deadseascrolls_english/08.htm
The Gospels as Eyewitness Testimony; 1 Corinthians 15:6
https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4186&context=byusq&httpsredir=1&referer=
King Aretas IV, king of the Arabian kingdom of Nabatea; 2 Corinthians 11:32
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+13.13.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+14.1.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148%3Abook%3D1%3Awhiston+chapter%3D6%3Awhiston+section%3D2
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+1.29.3+&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
http://www.ancientresource.com/lots/holyland_artifacts/holy-land-biblical-coins/nabataean-aretas.html
http://www.academia.edu/6798331/Nabatu_the_Nabataeans_through_their_inscriptions_in_print_sample_pages_preview_MEDINA_European_Union_2014
Men and women love differently; Ephesians 5:25, 33
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/our-gender-ourselves/201109/why-cant-men-love-women
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0146167212450739
https://osf.io/9thn6/
Fathers used to have mentorial authority over their children; Ephesians 6:4
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/21941355_Fathers_Forgotten_Contributors_to_Child_Development
h
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309438442_A_Cultural_Understanding_of_the_Parenting_Practices_of_Puerto_Rican_Fathers_Table_1
ttp://research.policyarchive.org/10197.pdf
http://www.localhistories.org/children.html
https://sites.google.com/site/theapacheculture/news/foodhunting
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453014003886
Early Christian hymn; Philippians 2:6-11
https://www.academia.edu/32218635/Philippians_2_6_11_Rhetorical_Function_of_a_Pauline_Hymn
https://www.academia.edu/26755058/A_Hymn_of_Christ_Philippians_2_6_11
The proto-gnostic context of the book of Colossians (slide 5)
https://www.academia.edu/43067016/Teaching_and_Learning_in_Philosophy
Johannine Logos Hymn
https://www.academia.edu/16808275/_The_Johannine_Logos_Hymn_A_Cross_Cultural_Celebration_of_God_s_Creative_Redemptive_Work_
The universe is made of particles which aren't visual to the naked eye; Hebrews 11:3
https://education.jlab.org/atomtour/
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Particles/quark.html
The roman/greek racing games Hebrews 12:1
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/635/roman-games-chariot-races--spectacle/
Jesus Christ calls himself the את (ΑΩ), which are the last letters of the alphabet, as a reference to Genesis 1:1; Revelation 1:8, 21:6, 22:13
https://biblehub.com/hebrew/et_853.htm
http://www.henkrijstenberg.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/YESHUA-ALEPH-TAV-HERALD-OF-MESSIAH.pdf
The Laodicean church, first century, Revelation 3:15-16
https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/house-with-church-unearthed-in-laodicea-159481
The water in Laodicea (Pamukkale)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0375650500000225
https://www.academia.edu/39083915/Mineralogical_and_thermal_analyses_of_the_Hellenistic_ceramics_from_Laodicea_Temple_Iran
https://theopolisinstitute.com/leithart_post/laodicean-water/
The 24 elders are the 24 books of the old testament/Tanakh (the canon at times is referred as 22 books, because Ezra & Nehemiah, and Ruth & Judges, are combined together) Revelation 4
https://biblia.com/bible/nrsv/2-esdras/14/45-46
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0216%3Abook%3D1%3Asection%3D38#note-link1
https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf204.xxv.iii.iii.xxv.html#fna_xxv.iii.iii.xxv-p10.1
http://www.bible-researcher.com/jerome.html
http://www.bible-researcher.com/epiphanius.html
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Maccabees+2%3A13%3B+15%3A9&version=CEB
The earliest manuscript of the book of revelation 13 state the number of the beast is 616, not 666
http://ntvmr.uni-muenster.de/community/vmr/api/transcript/get/?docID=10115&pageID=160&format=html
http://downloads.thewaytoyahuweh.com/pdf/ancient_papyrus/papyrus_115.pdf
Theological objections and responses.
https://pastelink.net/2w1m2
If you wish to venture more about Christianity, click this link for a book list to prepare your way from a non-believer into God's advocate.
https://imgur.com/a/501jgUt
Investigative, dubious, and honorable mentions:
The council of Jamnia. Despite the fact it actually a scholarly discussion (oppose to a real council) of whether or not certain books were unclean to touch, it does present to us an glimpse what was considered canonical in the tanakh.
https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Yadayim.4.3?lang=bi&with=all&lang2=en
Biblical Antiquities by Pseudo-Philo
https://sacred-texts.com/bib/bap/index.htm
7Q5-7q10 and 7q15 Earliest NT manuscripts date
http://www.carewinnipeg.com/articles/13-biblical-historicity/27-the-manuscript-evidence-for-the-new-testament
The Spirit over the deep
http://londoninterfaith.org.uk/dirwp/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Ruach-HaKodesh-Holy-Spirit-Jewish-Texts.pdf
There were plants before there were animals Genesis 1:10-13, 20
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/02/land-plants-arose-earlier-thought-and-may-have-had-bigger-impact-evolution-animals
Life suddenly created in the water Genesis 1:20
https://www.britannica.com/science/Cambrian-explosion
potential link between aquatic and aerial creatures Genesis 1:20
https://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/aligator-scale-feathers-043242/
Humans conquered/dominate animals Genesis 1:26, 28-29 before Adam (neolithic farmers) Genesis 2:5,15
https://www.history.com/news/prehistoric-ages-timeline
https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/khoisan-herder-society-later-stone-age
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/131114-europe-dog-domestication-wolves-hunter-gatherers
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/130827-mesolithic-european-hunter-gatherers-domesticated-pigs
https://hraf.yale.edu/ehc/summaries/hunter-gatherers
The Kebra Nagast, a 1300's epic of the Ethiopian, royal linage starting with Adam
https://www.sacred-texts.com/chr/kn/index.htm
Nephila constellation is a reference to the Nephilim
https://orion.pictures/post/25120938/orion's-belt-and-sword-of-stars-with-nebula-and-three-belt-stars.html
The spike in violence and the practice of polygyny Genesis 6:11
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381518/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04375-6
http://www.stat.yale.edu/~jtc5/papers/CommonAncestors/NatureCommonAncestors-Article.pdf
Ziusudra = Noah?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziusudra#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambertMillard199997_14-0
The flood, and later events?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outburst_flood
http://www.livescience.com/10607-colossal-flood-created-mediterranean-sea.html
http://basementgeographer.com/the-zanclean-flood-refilling-the-mediterranean/
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/overview/indoeuropean/indoeuropean.html
http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/SyriaCityStates.htm
http://www.nature.com/news/steppe-migration-rekindles-debate-on-language-origin-1.16935
http://phys.org/news/2016-04-team-americans-descendants-modern-humans.html
http://phys.org/news/2016-04-dinosaur-families-chose-exit-europe.html ??
http://www.livescience.com/54607-dinosaurs-migration-during-supercontinent-breakup.html
The deluge
https://www.academia.edu/2517935/Dating_the_Deluge
https://www.academia.edu/17026643/Noah_and_the_Deluge_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
The neolithic migration pattern and the spread of languages are oddly similar to what you would expect from the sons of Adam's and the sons during Noah's migration pattern
https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/30/R1/R17/6025449
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-migration-routes-of-the-Neolithic-farmers-of-related-proto-languages-originally_fig2_40540555
https://www.zmescience.com/research/indo-european-language-origin-042423/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Evolutionary-migration-patterns-of-human-mtDNA-haplogroups-wwwanthropologynet_fig2_29444958
The ark might be settling in the Mount Judi within the Urartu mountains:
The Samaritan Pentateuch
Targums
The Book of Jubilees 5:28, 7:1
Josephus's Antiquities 1994:6:131
Eusebius 1818:1:36-37
The Peshitta
Epiphanius Panarion 1.i.4
Shem's genetic lineage
https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/97/12/6769.full.pdf
Japheth's influence
https://www.sott.net/article/419967-Largest-ever-ancient-DNA-study-illuminates-millennia-of-South-and-Central-Asian-prehistory-including-Indus-Valley-Civilization
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01374-5
https://www.theepochtimes.com/new-evidence-ancient-chinese-explorers-landed-in-america-excites-experts_1348894.html
Ham's influence?
https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2015/04/21/dna-reveals-unknown-ancient-migration-into-india/
https://www.academia.edu/28245304/2008_The_Indus_Mesopotamia_relationship_reconsidered_Gs_Elisabeth_During_Caspers_
Ham/Cham might mean black in Hebrew. The Sumerians refer to themselves as “Sag-gig-ga or sagiga” which means the “black-headed people”
https://i-cias.com/sumer/
https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/ham/
Shinar is referring Sumeria
https://www.one3rdofturks.com/2018/08/the-sumerian-problem-and-shinar-solution.html
The Mesopotamian influence onto Egyptian origins Genesis 10:6-13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebel_el-Arak_Knife
https://recoveredscience.com/const128mesopotamianinfluences.htm
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3596078?seq=1
Casluhim=Mycenae? Genesis 10:13-14
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casluhim
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece
Eber is Ebla
https://www.britannica.com/place/Ebla
Col. 2 (11) Uz, Hul, Togar, and Mesha, who are beyond the Euphrates
https://www.qumran.org/js/qumran/hss/1qm
The first (but unfinished) Ziggurat of Eridu (layer XV to XVI) is probably what Genesis was referring as the tower of Babel(Nun.Ki). The Sumerians (under Enmerkar (few speculate he's Nimrod)) during this time migrated into various places such as the locations across the Euphrates, Levant, Egypt, and possibly into India (to set up trade).
One of the earliest cities in the world. Perhaps this is a step for proof for Babylon expansion.
https://www.timesofisrael.com/embargo-until-1130-5000-year-old-canaanite-megalopolis-rewrites-history-books-say-archaeologists/
80 Old Testament Characters of World History
https://www.academia.edu/22503924/80_Old_Testament_Characters_of_World_History_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
The land of Goiim (Gutium/qù-ti-im); Genesis 14:9
https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/12451/1/FsWestenholz.pdf
Ellasar (Larsa)
https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/MesopotamiaLarsa.htm
The Ebla texts stands as an important linguistic tool and for cultural background in biblical research**, with that said, their use for references of Jordanian towns is largely unsubstantial. The Ebla tablets mainly discuss within the areas of Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, and Iraq on the topic of geography.
**https://www.academia.edu/827904/Ebla_and_the_Bible_A_Case_Study_in_Comparative_Semitics_and_Literature https://www.jstor.org/stable/43716178
Ebla and Its Archives by Alfonso Archi
These tablets list the name Ab-ra(itself, +hu, +an, +nu or nab-ra-mu?). The stem of the name is consistent with “Ab-ra-mu” during the time period which Abram lived, so it's very possible it was used as a name. One could suggest “Abraham” is a transliteration with one Eblaic name “Abri-aḫu”, which was a more common name than Ab-ra(with or without endings).
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3112#150459
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/12#4126
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/998#33782
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1418#63987
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/9#2990
Many tablets mentions the word “A-da-m(+a, i, ma, mi, u, etc)”. Several people corralled the name “Adam(+endings)” for the name “Adam”.
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/611#25311
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/56#8011
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/452#20437
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2100#78524
There are those who equate the name “Ebrium” (Eberu or Ibrium) with “Eber”, the father of the Hapiru (Hebrews)
https://www.jstor.org/stable/41668150?seq=1
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/12#3958
There are texts that mention the name “Wana”. Few suggest it has similarity to “Jonah”
Archi 1981a
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/19#5975
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2858#97401
David da-u-du or da-u-ud
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1079#35554
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3115#151723
ša-u₃-um Saul?
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/search#1762wwGN
Small group of individuals claim that Yitro (Jethro) is the Hebrew equivalent of Eblaic “wa-ti-ru”
ARET 15 0004
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2874#100000
Canaan (Ga-na-na)
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3#519
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1109#43612
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3040#136735
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3058#140843
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2985#123380
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2996#128866
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3098#145492
A-da-ma-lik likely a phonetic variant of Abimelek (Abimelech)
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/6#1668
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3100#146172
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1380#61820
These sources mention the name Tir(i) or Tira-il which is similar to Terah, Abram's father. Genesis 11:24
TM.76.G.882, ARET 13.5,
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1103#41575
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2912#111793
Iš-ma-il Ishmael
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3026#132930
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2984#122750
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/530#22250
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1519#67691
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2925#116066
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3137#153043
Garamu (Ga-ra-mu, http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/2854#96458 ) sounds like Gomorrah, however, Garamu is in the north-east towards the valley of the Euphrates, so that couldn't be the Gomorrah mentioned in Genesis.
There is one place that may sounds similar to “Gomorrah” a city called Gàr-mu/Gàr-mi-um (ARES 2: 231–232, 242 and 239–242, MEE 07 0048 ) which is outside the Eblaitic empire, but where it's located exactly is unknown.
-si-da-mu or si-da-mu sodom
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3105#147560
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1293#49114
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/1297#50892
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3159#153822
http://ebda.cnr.it/tablet/view/3161#153866
Few people conflate the city of Ursaʾum (Urshu) with Jerusalem, but Ursaʾum is likely located in the modern day Gaziantep, Turkey. This is assumed partly because Ursaum is closely associated with the northern cities away from Ebla. It also couldn't be the Ur in Genesis because the Chaldeans didn't occupied Ursaʾum during the 3rd millennium B.C.E.
Temple zero: Melchizedek standing stone Genesis 14
https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/israel/2019/july/archaeologist-says-a-stone-pillar-in-the-city-of-david-is-where-abraham-met-melchizedek
where is Sodom?
https://www.academia.edu/31431172/Which_Site_Is_Sodom_A_Comparison_of_Bab_edh_Dhra_and_Tall_el_Hammam
The tome of the Patriarchs (A.K.A. Abraham, Jacob, Sarah, Isaac, Rebeka, Leah) now a muslim mosque in Hebron.
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/hebron-Tombs-Of-The-Patriarchs
Joseph is Imhotep, age: genesis and the instructions of Ptahhotep. Both were second in command. Wear almost the same clothing. Architect, the step pyramid, Statue base Inscription, the famine stale, for 7 years depicting a dream. Known for their medical experties. Store grains. Didn't originate at the place of Egypt of work. But Extremely Speculative! Gen. 41:37-45, 41:37-45, Gen. 50:2, Gen. 41:34, 47:26, Gen. 50:22, 24, 26.
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/ancient/ptahhotep.asp
http://www.touregypt.net/faminestele.htm
http://www.crystalinks.com/imhotep.html
http://www.ask-aladdin.com/images/museums/imhotep_museum.jpg
http://www.ancient-egypt.org/who-is-who/i/imhotep.html
http://www.landofpyramids.org/imhotep.htm
http://www.imhotepvirtualmedsch.com/resources/Imhotep-the-vizier-and-physician-of-king-Zoser-.pdf
Similar story of Joseph and his accuser
http://www.reshafim.org.il/ad/egypt/texts/anpu_and_bata.htm
“a famine that affected Egypt for seven years”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neferkasokar#Name_sources
The Bahr Yussef (the Sea of Joseph) A.K.A. The Joseph Canal Beginning with the 12th dynasty, the waterway was enlarged and the Fayyum was developed to enlarge Lake Moeris. The canal was built into the natural incline of the valley, creating a channel 15 km long and 5 m deep that sloped into the Fayyum depression
https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Joukowsky_Institute/courses/afterpharaohs2010/13370.html
Hyksos entering/invading into Egypt middle kingdom, (maybe caused by a famine?)
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvr43jbk
https://www.livescience.com/hyksos-did-not-invade-egypt.html
The exodus
https://www.academia.edu/13001480/Moses_and_the_Exodus_what_evidence
One of the best proponents and his arguments for the Ramsesside exodus.
http://youtube.com/channel/UCF1f7vTqonOIwaGU6DwTvjg
Kahum contains a lot of dead (supposedly) Israelite infants, Exodus 1:16
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260493286_A_re-construction_of_Petrie's_excavation_at_the_Middle_Kingdom_settlement_of_Kahun
The Tamna inscription
https://www.academia.edu/40029675/A_Proto_Sinaitic_Inscription_in_Timna_Israel_New_Evidence_on_the_Emergence_of_the_Alphabet
Egyptian Scars from boils from the exodus plague. Exodus 9:10-11.
http://www.biblehistory.net/Exodus_Evidence.pdf
http://www.britannica.com/biography/Thutmose-II
Exodus 9:10, 11.
http://www.biblehistory.net/Exodus_Evidence.pdf
http://www.britannica.com/biography/Thutmose-III
The argument and rebuttal of the disappearance of the inhabitance in Avaris
https://www.academia.edu/9298722/Avaris_its_Harbours_and_the_Peru_Nefer_Problem
Mt. Sinai was a volcano
https://www.dqhall.com/sinai_volcano/remarks.htm
Egyptian chariot wheels Exodus 14:25
https://www.truthorfiction.com/chariot-wheels/
The land of milk, honey, and manna, Exodus 16, 33:3
https://sens2lavie.com/en/mondes-collision-livre-remet-question-partie-de-bible/#Manna_or_Ambrosia_that_mysterious_food_that_fell_from_the_sky
Rosetta Stone
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/rosetta-stone-found
http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/rosetta-stone-translation.asp
The Semitic deity Mlkm (Malkum) is perhaps the idol Moloch. Deut. 12:31 18:10, Lev 18:21, Jer. 7:31, 19:5
https://www.academia.edu/27752662/The_Gods_of_Ammon_Moab_and_Edom_in_an_Ancient_North_Arabian_inscription_from_Jordan_HAYAJNEH_et_al
The parallels of Djehuty and Joshua, son of Nun. Joshua and his army being mercenaries might explain why the conquest of Canaan didn't end once the events of Judges and 1&2 Samuel occurred.
https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/depiction-of-the-various-forms-of-border-crossing-in-ancient-texts/
Joshua's Alter
https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/joshuas-forgotten-altar-is-now-a-land-battle-659847
Abdi-Heba ({disz}ARAD2-he-ba) was Adoni-Zedek or Adoni-Bezek
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&ObjectID=P271088
Waters of Neftoah are the wells of mer-ne-ptah (Merneptah)?, Papyrus Anastasi III journal, Joshua 15:8-9, Joshua 18:15
https://www.bu.edu/anep/ANET.html
Who is Amalek? by Seth Fleishman
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJgVqBdmqNI
3200-year-old picture of Israelites found in Egypt
https://www.memphis.edu/hypostyle/images/2004_report/israelites.jpg
Atlas zur altägyptischen kulturgeschichte by W. Weeszinski
Psalm 113:3
https://www.technobyte.org/sun-synchronous-orbit-molniya-orbit/
Life comes from dust Ecclesiastes 3:19-20
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/herschel/news/herschel20110707.html
Esther
https://www.academia.edu/8233800/Queen_Esther_wife_of_Xerxes_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
https://www.academia.edu/45123693/Summit_meeting_between_Queen_Esther_and_General_Themistocles_to_stop_Athenian_imperialism_
Who is Labaya?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labaya#Identifications_with_biblical_figures
The Davidic line
https://www.academia.edu/5183268/Kings_David_and_Solomon_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
King Toi of Ḥamath; 2 Sam 8:9-10; king Tou in 1 Chron 18-9-10
https://www.academia.edu/895541/The_Biblical_King_Toi_of_%E1%B8%A4amath_and_the_Late_Hittite_State_P_Walas_a_tin
Shishak Smiting His Enemies 2, Shishak. Shishak karnak list, gold bracelet of the tomb of Shishak’s grandson, commemorative stela, 1 Kings 11:40, Chronicles 12:2-4, 2 Chronicles 12:9
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/sheshonq1.htm
http://www.sofiatopia.org/maat/ishoshenq.jpg
Hazeva fortress. It could be constructed by king Solomon or the Edomites 1 Kgs 9:17-18
https://www.academia.edu/3169602/En_Hazeva_on_the_Iron_II_period_Gate_and_Fortress
Marduka = Mordecai
https://www.academia.edu/2454296/The_Quest_for_the_Historical_Mordecai
Arad Ostracon 40
https://www.jstor.org/stable/27927128?seq=1
https://www.academia.edu/13509316/Ostracon_No_40_from_Arad_Reconsidered_in_C_G_den_Hertog_U_H%C3%BCbner_and_S_M%C3%BCnger_eds_Saxa_loquentur_Studien_zur_Arch%C3%A4ologie_Pal%C3%A4stinas_Israels_Festschrift_f%C3%BCr_Volkmar_Fritz_zum_65_Geburtstag_AOAT_302_M%C3%BCnster_2003_pp_199_204
Arad Ostracon 88
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3265923?seq=1
Prophet Elisha
https://www.academia.edu/5182530/The_Myth_of_the_Edomite_Threat_Arad_Letters_24_and_40
Queen Jezebel seal
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071026210336.htm
The Jehoash Inscription
https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/articles/jehoash-inscription
Solomon's mines
http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion-guest-authors/king-solomon-s-mines-discovered-kings-and-pharaohs-part-i-005500
http://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion-guest-authors/king-solomon-s-mines-discovered-ancient-treasures-part-ii-005506
Some people say this is an imagine of Solomon, others claims it's about the tribe of Dan.
https://www.livius.org/pictures/israel/megiddo/megiddo-museum-pieces/megiddo-ivories/
Assyrian Kings List of Adad-nardi III, 2 Kings 15:19, 16:7-8, 17:24-26, 18:9, 18:16-17, 18:23, 18:28, 18:30, 19:20, 20:6, 23:29; 2 Chronicles 28:21, 30:6, 32:9, etc.
https://www.academia.edu/38099123/The_Assyrian_Kings_List_English_
Neriglissar might be Nergalsharezer Jeremiah 39:13
https://www.livius.org/articles/person/neriglissar/
Negevite Pottery
https://www.academia.edu/185087/Iron_Age_Negevite_Pottery_A_Reassessment_Antiguo_Oriente_4_2006_95_117
Rise of pagan hedonism. Daniel 12:4, Isaiah 1:14, Romans 1:18-28, 2 Timothy 3:1-17, Matthew 16:3, 2 Peter 2:14(Matthew 5:28)
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10626076/Is-America-losing-faith-Atheism-on-the-rise-but-still-in-the-shadows.html
https://www.rt.com/uk/231811-uk-atheism-report-decline/
http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/03/02/christian-bale-on-hollywood-hedonism-and-chris-rock-s-divisive-oscars.html
http://www.salon.com/2013/09/22/atheism_starts_its_megachurch_is_it_a_religion_now/
http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/09/28/survey-atheists-know-more-about-religion-than-believers/
http://www.esquire.com/lifestyle/sex/news/a37372/yougov-survey-sexuality/?src=True
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/emily-pothast/why-todays-queer-teens-ar_b_9536712.html
Ron Wyatt Sodom and Gomorrah, Jude 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7uHKn2ijKw
Beth-zur
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beth-zur
Amel-Marduk or Illoaroudamos , Uruk King List,Canon of Ptolemy, Berossus
http://www.livius.org/sources/content/uruk-king-list/
http://adamoh.org/TreeOfLife.wan.io/OTCh/Ptolemy'sCanonOfTheKings.pdf
http://www.academia.edu/1581190/Berossus_on_Late_Babylonian_History page 139
Ezekiel's Wheel and plates
https://phys.org/news/2016-11-archaeologists-ezekiel-wheel-african-americans.html
http://www.biblicalarchaeologytruth.com/ezekiels-plates.html
The bones attributed to Nabi Yunus probably belonged to a Christian patriarch named Henanisho I of the Church of the East. He was buried in the monastery in 701.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/isis_tunnels
Jonah vs King of Nineveh: Chronological, Historical and Archaeological Evidence
https://www.academia.edu/2518023/Jonah_vs_King_of_Nineveh_Chronological_Historical_and_Archaeological_Evidence
New testament quoted apocryphal books
https://awajis.com/jesus-quotes-book-of-enoch/
https://biblicalhistoricalcontext.com/biblical-inspiration/does-jude-quote-enoch/
https://blogs.ancientfaith.com/wholecounsel/2019/10/30/the-book-of-jubilees/
https://drmsh.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/New-Testament-Allusions-to-Apocrypha-and-Pseudepigrapha.pdf
http://storage.cloversites.com/bethanybiblechurch/documents/Extensive%20Article%20-%20Books%20Rejected%20-%20Pseudepigrapha.pdf
Messiah is the son of Joseph
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messiah_ben_Joseph
The earliest depiction of Mary and baby Jesus drawn by the Carpocrates*** During 150s to 3rd century.
http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=3073
***A Gnostic group that lead Roman and Alexandrian Christians astray. Read section 6 at least.
https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/anf01.ix.ii.xxvi.html#fna_ix.ii.xxvi
Joseph and his family fled to Leontopolis, Egypt
https://www.academia.edu/12398734/P_S%C3%A4nger_Considerations_on_the_Administrative_Organization_of_the_Jewish_Military_Colony_in_Leontopolis_A_Case_of_Generosity_and_Calculation_in_J_Tolan_Hrsg_Expulsion_and_Diaspora_Formation_Religion_and_Law_in_Medieval_Christian_and_Muslim_Societies_5_Turnhout_2015_171_194
https://www.academia.edu/4609726/A_Second_Temple_in_Egypt_The_Evidence_for_the_Zadokite_Temple_of_Onias
A Sign of the end times Matthew 24:29
https://sites.google.com/view/sources-truelimitsofhumanity/
Christ the Magician cup
There is a vowel between the r (rho) and s (sigma). This vowel is an e not an i, which means the word in question is almost certainly not christos, but chrestos, which means “kind” or “good.”
The most likely translation of the cup, therefore, is “through the kindness of a magician.”
https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna26972493
Acts of Pontius Pilate (not be mistaken for the gospel of Nicodemus) in Tiberius's archives. Unfortunately, they no longer exist.
https://ccel.org/ccel/justin_martyr/first_apology/anf01.viii.ii.xxxv.html#fnf_viii.ii.xxxv-p5.2
https://ccel.org/ccel/justin_martyr/first_apology/anf01.viii.ii.xlviii.html
https://ccel.org/ccel/tertullian/apology/anf03.iv.iii.v.html
https://ccel.org/ccel/tertullian/apology/anf03.iv.iii.xxi.html
P.mich inv. 6213 apocryphal manuscript credited by Jesus Christ to Abgar V, 1st to 4th century
https://www.jstor.org/stable/24519525
Early in 2015, archaeologists announced the excavations of a former Turkish prison near Jerusalem's Jaffa gate. The site is believed to have been the location of Herod's palace 2,000 years ago, and possibly the site of the trial of Jesus before Pilate.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/archaeologists-find-possible-site-of-jesuss-trial-in-jerusalem/2015/01/04/6d0ce098-7f9a-45de-9639-b7922855bfdb_story.html
First Roman pagan portrayal of Jesus Christ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexamenos_graffito
Toledoth Yeshu 1000-1400 C.E. Simeon Kepha=St.peter
http://www.essene.com/History&Essenes/toled.htm
The Book of the Hellenists and the Origin of the Gospel of Mark:The Development of the Gospels of Mark and John Turned on Its Head
https://bibleinterp.arizona.edu/sites/bibleinterp.arizona.edu/files/images/Hofrichter%20essay%20Copy7%20pkl%20PNA.pdf
A bone box of James; Matthew 13:55, Mark 6:3; 1st century C.E.
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=96876
https://www.academia.edu/11661915/The_Authenticity_of_the_James_Ossuary
http://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-stone-box-and-jesus-brothers-bones/
A man riding on a donkey; Matthew 21:1-7 Zechariah 9:9
http://www.attalus.org/translate/diodorus34.html#1
Markan sandwiches
https://www.jstor.org/stable/26371456?seq=1
https://www.academia.edu/35248012/The_Theological_Significance_and_Narrative_Place_of_Discipleship_and_Christian_Community_in_the_Gospel_of_Mark
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318755185_Reference_Article_-_Mark_Gospel_of
A archaeological site about Jesus's miracle of the swine. Mark 5:1-20, 6th century
https://jimbakkershow.com/news/archaeologists-find-1500-year-old-marble-slab-at-site-of-miracle-of-the-swine/
Absalom's Tomb Inscription Luke 2:25
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3541452/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/gospel-verse-found-ancient-shrine/#.UkkpiRC3Gts
The Praetorium John 18:28, 33, 19:9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praetorium
Early cruxificion.
http://www.academia.edu/5696629/The_crucifix_of_Pozzuoli_in_a_better_English_translation_
The nails of cross
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-archaeology-jesus-nails/film-claims-discovery-of-nails-from-jesuss-cross-idUSTRE73B1EO20110412
Shoud of Turin. John 20:7, Luke 23:53, Mark 15:46, Matthew 27:59.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/4210369.stm
http://www.livescience.com/52567-shroud-of-turin-dna.html
http://www.pdtsigns.com/Bloodtestshroud.html
Trinitarian Christian house in Megiddo late third century C.E.(notice the use of the nomina scra)
http://home.planet.nl/~slofs018/Megiddo.htm
“Almost Real” People (Not Certain, but Reasonable): The Archaeological Evidence
The one New Testament candidate in this category is Lysanias, Tetrarch of Abilene. His identity is not clear enough in a relevant inscription to be certain he is the one referred to in Luke 3:1, but it is reasonable enough for some scholars to consider a New Testament identification probable. According to a dedicatory inscription carved in stone at Abila, capital city of the ancient tetrarchy of Abilene, a certain “Lysanias the tetrarch, a freedman” ruled there (Raphaël Savignac, “Texte complet de l’inscription d’Abila relative à Lysanias,” Revue biblique, new series 9 [1912], pp. 533–540.). In line 1, the “august lords” are most likely the Emperor Tiberius and Tiberius’s mother, Livia, who was granted the title Augusta in 14 C.E. and died in 29 C.E. Luke 3:1 dates the beginning of the ministry of John the Baptist using dates established with reference to several rulers, including Lysanias. By referring to these rulers and to other events, many scholars place the start of John’s ministry at c. 28 C.E., which falls within the potential time span of the tetrarchy of the Lysanias in this inscription. On the other hand, the dates used are somewhat imprecise, and the date of the inscription is based on likelihood, rather than complete clarity. If the “august lords” were Nero and his mother Agrippina, then this Lysanias’s rule might have lasted as late as the reign of Nero (54–68 C.E.). (Hemer, Acts, pp. 159–160, note 1.)
In Josephus, Antiquities 19.5.1 and Wars 2.11.5, the references to “Abila of Lysanias” and “the kingdom of Lysanias,” respectively, are too vague in their time reference to be a clear confirmation of Luke 3:1. Note: Lysanias, Tetrarch of Abilene, must not be confused with the earlier Lysanias, a Tetrarch in the same area, who is also mentioned in Josephus, Antiquities.
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+19.5.1&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+BJ+2.11.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0148
Tomb of apostle phillip.
http://news.discovery.com/history/tomb-of-jesus-apostle-110801.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sator_Square#Christian_associations
Jonathan (John), son of Annas of the high priesthood; Acts 4:6
https://www.4enoch.org/wiki4/index.php?title=Jonathan_ben_Ananus_(sources)
Eleazar (Alexander), son of Annas of the high priesthood; Acts 4:6
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+18.2.2&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
Commanded all the Jews to depart from Rome Acts 18:1-2
http://www.csun.edu/~hcfll004/claualex.html
The Mamertine Prison Acts 28:30
https://www.abandonedspaces.com/public/mamertine-prison.html
The Erastus of Corinth who is described in most detail in Romans 16:23 cannot be clearly identified in an inscription in stone discovered at Corinth (Acts 19:22 and 2 Timothy 4:20 might or might not refer to the same Erastus), in view of the difficulties and uncertainties raised by Steven J. Friesen, “The Wrong Erastus: Ideology, Archaeology, and Exegesis,” in Steven J. Friesen, Daniel N. Schowalter and James Christopher Walters, eds., Corinth in Context: Comparative Studies on Religion and Society (Leiden: Brill, 2010), pp. 231–256. Difficulties in attempting such an identification were pointed out much earlier by Henry J. Cadbury, “Erastus of Corinth,” Journal of Biblical Literature 50 (1931), pp. 42–56.
Nor can the Erastus of Romans 16:23 be clearly identified in a second inscription discovered in 1960 that might conceivably refer to him, according to Andrew D. Clarke, “Another Corinthian Erastus Inscription,” Tyndale Bulletin 42.1 (1991), pp. 146–151.
Erastus inscription Romans 16:23
http://pauls-journeys.com/erastus-treasurer-of-corinth/
http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/RelEd/id/2308
http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/RelEd/id/2309/rec/28
Acts 18:19 , Acts 19:1 might imply Paul shortly founded churches in Ephesus which was the audience of the epistle to Ephesians 3:1, 4:1, 6:20
The occultish antichist. 1 Timothy 4:1, 1John 2:22
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4YJBnrcd3w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKQ4JsGirbo
http://www.dts.edu/download/other/ccl/CCL%20Leaderboard%20-%20Meeting%202%20-%20BAR%20Article.pdf
Apollonius of Tyana=Legends about Paul of tarsus Or Apollos from 1 corinthians?
http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/aot/laot/laot03.htm
http://bibleworks.oldinthenew.org/?p=1136
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyana
http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/travel/dg/maps/87/750x750_87a3fde28d645b708c781278fb6c9638.gif
Work as a prerequisite for eating; 2 Thessalonians 3:10
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10865-021-00220-2
https://www.diabetesselfmanagement.com/blog/lower-blood-sugar-take-10-minute-walk-meals-study-says/
https://mansfieldct.org/Schools/MMS/staff/hand/work=fxd.htm
The book of revelation was written before 70 C.E.
https://freerepublic.com/focus/f-religion/3813390/posts
The divine council might be alluding to the 24 elders in Revelation 4:4, 10
http://www.thedivinecouncil.com/DivineCouncilLBD.pdf
Wormwood was an ancient comet, Revelation 8:10-11, Deuteronomy 32:32
http://www.cogwriter.com/news/prophecy/nasa-indirectly-confirms-wormwood-prophecy/
Two witnesses killed by the beast Revelation 11
http://www.beyondrevelation.com/study/odd-and-ends/topics-from-revelation/the-two-witnesses/
The mark of the beast is a implated chip Revelation 13:16
https://nypost.com/2019/07/14/swedish-people-are-getting-chip-implants-to-replace-cash-credit-cards/
https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/tech-company-workers-agree-microchips-implanted-hands/story?id=48818529
Nero Caesar Revelation 13:18, 17:9?
https://coinweek.com/ancient-coins/ngc-ancients-coinage-emperor-nero/
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=J.+AJ+20.8.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146
or Titus?
https://daysofrestoration.com/revelation-1318-666/
In case you want it.
The Amarna letters and their English translations
https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Line&requestFrom=Search&PrimaryPublication=&Author=&PublicationDate=&SecondaryPublication=&Collection=&AccessionNumber=&MuseumNumber=&Provenience=akhetaten&ExcavationNumber=&Period=&DatesReferenced=&ObjectType=&ObjectRemarks=&Material=&TextSearch=&TranslationSearch=&CommentSearch=&StructureSearch=&Language=&Genre=&SubGenre=&CompositeNumber=&SealID=&ObjectID=&ATFSource=&CatalogueSource=&TranslationSource=
https://archive.org/details/TheAmarnaLetters/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna_letters%E2%80%93localities_and_their_rulers
